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  <!-- ============================================================ FRONT -->
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJLTEMAS</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management &amp; Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">IJLTEMAS</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2278-2540</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>IJLTEMAS</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>

    <article-meta>
      <!-- IDs -->
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">289</article-id>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150800095</article-id>
      
      <!-- Categories -->
            <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Education</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      
      <!-- Title -->
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Comparing the Antibacterial Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite and Graphene Oxide on to the Disinfection of Enterococcus Faecalis-Contaminated Gutta-Percha Cones</article-title>
      </title-group>

      <!-- Authors -->
      <contrib-group>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>Fathima K.C.</surname>
            <given-names>Roshan</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Science &amp; Research, Kerala, India                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>Baby</surname>
            <given-names>Deepak</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Science &amp; Research, Kerala, India                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>P.V.</surname>
            <given-names>Sreedevi</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Science &amp; Research, Kerala, India                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>Prakash</surname>
            <given-names>Likhitha</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Science &amp; Research, Kerala, India                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
            <surname>A.S</surname>
            <given-names>Kiran</given-names>
          </name>
                              <aff>
            Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Science &amp; Research, Kerala, India                        <country>India</country>
                      </aff>
                    
        </contrib>
              </contrib-group>

      <!-- Volume / Issue / Pages -->
            <volume>15</volume>
                  <issue>8</issue>
                        <fpage>1303</fpage>
            <lpage>1309</lpage>
            
      <!-- Dates -->
      <history>
                <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
                        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
              </history>

            <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>18</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      
      <!-- DOI Self-URI -->
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150800095"/>
      
      <!-- Keywords -->
            <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
                <kwd>sodium hypochlorite; microorganism; microstructure.</kwd>
              </kwd-group>
      
    </article-meta>
  </front>

  <!-- ============================================================ BODY (Abstract) -->
  <body>
        <sec>
      <title>Abstract</title>
      <p>Chairside disinfection of gutta-percha (GP) cones is routinely performed to minimize the risk of microbial contamination during root canal obturation. In the present study, the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in comparison with graphene oxide on the disinfection against microorganisms has been investigated. The disinfectants treatment has produced alterations in the surface characteristics of GP cones, which impacted their physical properties. Among the disinfectants used, the lower OD600 value (0.1864) of NaOCl demonstrated its greatest antibacterial activity.</p>
    </sec>
      </body>

  <!-- ============================================================ BACK (References) -->
    <back>
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