Corporate social responsibility raises a philosophical question about the relationship between a leader's moral commitments and an organization’s treatment of people affected by its activities. This article examines how the Five Precepts (Pañcasīla) in Theravāda Buddhism can inform ethical leadership without treating personal religious observance as evidence of corporate responsibility. It uses close readings of selected Pāli discourses, particularly Aṅguttara Nikāya 8.39 on the precepts as gifts of security, Aṅguttara Nikāya 6.63 on intention, Dīgha Nikāya 31 on employment relationships, and Majjhima Nikāya 61 on reflection and correction. These readings are compared with scholarship on ethical leadership, stakeholder theory, Buddhist economics, and corporate social responsibility. This analysis finds correlations between abstinence from killing and worry about predictable harm, respect for the property of others and care for the resources under one’s management, sexual moderation and protection from abuse of authority, honest speech and responsible reporting, and abstention from intoxicants and maintenance of one’s judgment. It separates the literary meaning of each precept from contemporary organizational applications like protection of the workplace and environmental responsibility. The main thesis is that moral convictions are relevant to corporate responsibility in so far as they influence ordinary decisions, institutional incentives and responses to affected stakeholders. Charitable contributions cannot provide a sufficient justification for continuing harmful or deceptive practices. The article proposes criteria for examining consistency between leadership conduct and organizational arrangements, while recognizing that the precepts alone cannot resolve every conflict concerning distribution, corporate agency, or public regulation. Its contribution is a qualified account of Buddhist moral discipline as a resource for evaluating responsible leadership, rather than a claim that Buddhist identity guarantees trust, profitability, or measurable social benefits.