Search of New NLO material is a fascinating field of research today. In this view, in the present study mixed crystals of ZnXMg(1-X)TS for various values of x viz 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 and 1 were grown by slow evaporation techniques. The density of the grown crystals were determined by floatation technique and composition was estimated from the measured density. The grown crystals were characterized by SXRD and PXRD. The lattice constants also been determined. The grown crystals are single crystals and they crystallize in to different structures like orthorhombic, tetragonal and hexagonal
- Page(s): 01-03
- Date of Publication: 11 September 2017
- G. MeenaAssistant Professor, Cape Institute of Technology, Levengipuram, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu, India.
- N. Neelakanda PillaiAssociate Professor, Arignar Anna College, Aralvaimozhi, Kanyakumari District. Tamil Nadu, India
References
[1]. Prasad, Paras N., and David J. Williams (1991). Introduction to nonlinear optical effects in molecules and polymers. Vol. 1. New York, Wiley. [2]. Eaton, David F. (1991) Nonlinear Optical Materials: The Great and Near Great. 128-156. [3]. D.S.Chemla, J.Zyss, (1987).Introduction to Non-linear optical properties of organic molecules and crystals, Vol. 1 and 2, Academic press Orlando [4]. Lipson, Henry, and Harry Steeple. (1970).Interpretation of X-ray powder diffraction patterns. Macmillan. [5]. Vegard, L. (1921).The constitution of mixed crystals and the space occupied by atoms. Z. Phys 5.17 17-26. [6]. Ravi, Sandhya, and S. Chenthamarai. (2014). Growth and Characterization of Single Crystals of Thiourea based compounds. Indian J. Sci. Res 9.1 051-057.
G. Meena, N. Neelakanda Pillai "Structural Studies of ZnXMg(1-X)TS Mixed Crystals" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.01-03 2017
The trading activity and liquidity are important factors to achieve success of SMEs. VCs, Institutional Investors and high net worth investors’ participation will help in progress of exchanges. The retail participation is also play an important role in creation of liquidity in the market. The paper attempts understand the present liquidity position in the NSE merge platform and whether the impact cost is more when compared with NE main boards. Illiquid companies and platform will make the investors to lose the confidence. The study revealed that all the companies won’t trade on regular basis. Investors’ sentiments get affected due to this as they will not be able to sell or buy stocks immediately. The Average Impact Cost of NSE Emerge is 16.45%, which is very high and found to be highly illiquid platform. .
- Page(s): 04-13
- Date of Publication: 11 September 2017
- Prof. Mrityunjaya B. Chavannavar Asst. Professor, Chetan Business School, Hubli, Karnataka, India
- Dr. S. C. Patil Associate Professor, Dept. of Management Studies, RCU Belagavi, Karnataka, India
- Praveena Jadi MBA 2nd Year, Chetan Business School, Hubli, Karnataka, India
References
[1] Alison Harwood, Tanya Konidaris, SME Exchanges in Emerging Market Economies, Policy Research Working Paper, 7160. [2] Meerajuddin Inamdar, SME Exchange – Quenching The Finance Thirst of SMEs, The ICMAI Research bulletin, Vol 41, No IV, January 2016, Pp: 1-9. [3] Saurabh Agarwal, Perspectives Equity investing patterns in India A signal for Small and Medium Businesses, Enterpreneurial practice review, Vol 2, Issue 2, 2012, Pp: 36-42 [4] Sharma Anju, “small and Medium Enterprises in a Liberalized Era; An Empirical Investigation”, 2012, Pp: 1-11. [5] Shinozaki, Shigehiro, Capital Market Financing for SMEs: A Growing Need in Emerging Asia, ADB Working Paper Series on Regional Economic Integration, No. 121. [6] Virender Singh Thakur, BSE SME Exchange and NSE EMERGE Exchange Platforms in India and a Comparison between them, IJLTEMAS, Vol V, Issue III, March 2016, Pp: 82- 90. [7] www.nseindia.com/emerge [8] https://www.nseindia.com/products/content/equities/indices/impact_cost.htm [9] https://www.nseindia.com/emerge/live_market/dynaContent/live_watch/sme_equities_stock_watch.htm [10] https://www.nseindia.com/emerge_itp/emerge_itp.htm
Prof. Mrityunjaya B. Chavannavar, Dr. S. C. Patil, Praveena Jadi "Estimation of Impact Cost – A Study of NSE Emerge Platform" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.04-13 2017
Housing problems India is very chronic, particularly among the low income and such other marginalized groups who are beyond the reach of the formal institutional agencies for housing finance. Housing Finance is a relatively new concept in India comparing to other financial services that are widely available in the country since a long year back. The Government has adopted many strategies and programmes; but it is not reached interior and most needy part of the country. Housing one of the durable goods producing both necessary luxury service to human and it is capital assets to its owners. It is one of the important economic activities and plays an important role of socio-psychological development of the individuals. Housing is one of the social services and it is a capital-intensive industry. Housing has contributed too many filed; one such important contribution is in generation of employment. It is very important for a country like India, where unemployment is a serious problem and increased household take home pay by reducing commuting expenses.
- Page(s): 14-16
- Date of Publication: 11 September 2017
- Dr. Ramesh OlekarAssociate Professor, Dept. of PG Studies and Research in Commerce VSK University Ballari, Karnataka, India
- Kanyakumari UdagiAssistant Professor, S.S.A.Government First Grade College, (Autonomous) Ballari, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. D. Rajasekhar and S. Saravanan: “Housing Finance: Problems and Prospects”. Southern Economist, Sept 1, 2008, pp15-18. [2]. K Balasubramani “A Study of Housing Finance by Sundaram Home Finance Limited, Salem”, Ph.D Thesis, Periyar University (2005). [3]. Manoj P.K. “ Prospects and problems of Housing Microfinance in India: Evidence from “Bhavanashree” project in Kerala State, European Journal of Economics , Finance and Administration Sciences, Issue 19 (2010). [4]. S.Tarakeshwara Rao: “A Study on Comprehensive problems of HDFC and SBI Home Loan takers in Andhra Pradesh”. Innovative Journal of Business and Management, 5 Sept-Oct 2013 pp 123-127. [5]. www.iosjournals.org. [6]. https://censusindia.gov.in/2011 census /40/ho1_highlights html.
Dr. Ramesh Olekar, Kanyakumari Udagi "Performance of LIC Housing Finance with Reference to Kalaburagi City" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.14-16 2017
Computer vision has become a very popular field due to its numerous applications. Stereo imaging, one of the areas of computer vision is frequently used in many applications like autonomous robots to calculate the free path, 3D reconstruction of environment, automatic cars, travel aid for visually impaired and many more. The major step in stereo imaging is establishing correspondence between multiple images. Errors within the camera and the method of arrangement of cameras can lead to wrong correspondence. Hence the depth information calculated will be incorrect. To increase the accuracy of depth matching in stereo imaging, we need to correct the camera imperfections. Stereo camera calibration is a method that can help predicting the internal and external parameters of the camera. There are many methods to perform camera calibration. In this paper, we explain the method of calibrating stereo raspberry pi cameras connected to raspberry pi compute module using 2D calibration object.
- Page(s): 17-20
- Date of Publication: 11 September 2017
- Shrugal Varde PhD. Scholar, Electronics Department, VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India
- Prof. M.S. PanseProfessor, VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India
References
Shrugal Varde, Prof. M.S. Panse "Offline Stereo Camera Calibration of Raspberry Pi Compute Module" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.17-20 2017
OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY Cake Walk sweets and savories Cake Walk is India’s No. 1 confectionery and cake manufacturer with its products exported to over 20 countries around the world. They are dedicated to the art of producing innovative and delicious products for sweet lovers of all ages. Cake Walk’s products offer tantalizing experiences that sparks the imagination in people who eat their candy. Of course, this has been Cake Walk’s goal since their inception in 1947. Today, Cake Walk Candy continues to make some of the best candy in India. They also are a responsible business venture and contribute positively to the society with their “Learn to bake” initiative to encourage households to earn by starting their own small-scale businesses. Cake Walk products can be enjoyed by kids and adults alike, and their products come in an array of flavors, shapes and sizes.
- Page(s): 21-28
- Date of Publication: 11 September 2017
- N. SumathiDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- Abhilash K NairDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- Abhishek.GDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- Sairam KrishnaDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- Radhesh S.Dept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- Sudipta JenaDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- V.JagadeeshDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
- V.YaswanthDept of Aerospace Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, India
References
[1]. www.freestudentprojects.com/vb-net-projects/cake-ordering-system/ [2]. nevonprojects.com/online-cake-shop-system/ [3]. https:// sites.google.com/.../cake-shop-management-system-project-documentation.
N. Sumathi, Abhilash K Nair, Abhishek.G, Sairam Krishna, Radhesh S. , Sudipta Jena, V.Jagadeesh, V.Yaswanth "Sweet-shop Management" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.21-28 2017
It is observed that one of the reasons for voltage instability is voltage collapse. Generally the concept of reactive power management is used to mitigate voltage collapse. But in this work the fallowing novel concept is used. The mathematical derivations begin from the usage of the conventional voltage collapse indicators(VCPI) Interlinks are used in the power system to distribute real powers locally (Inter bus power transfer) to mitigate voltage collapse. Optimal assignment of Distributed generation capacities are found out at different buses to mitigate voltage collapse. A mathematical model is derived and this model helps to design a valid algorithm to take care of voltage collapse problems. The Implementation of the algorithm is done through a MATLAB program which is shown in the Appendix. But minimum reactive power is to be maintained in the system. Quadratic Programming is applied in the fields of Control and Communications [13], Optimizing the civil structural design[14],nonlinear programming applications are presented that have arisen in different industries, namely food and insurance[15], Economics portfolio selection, monopolists' profit maximization, inequality constrained least-squares estimation, spatial equilibrium analysis, goal programming with quadratic preferences, and optimal decision rules [16] , But in this work Quadratic Programming is applied to find a way to mitigate voltage collapse in a power system.
- Page(s): 29-38
- Date of Publication: 19 September 2017
- V. ChayapathyAssociate Professor, Dept. of EEE, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- G S AnithaAssociate Professor, Dept. of EEE, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. F. A. Shaikh, RamanshuJain ,MukeshKotnala, NickeyAgarwal New Techniques for the Prevention of Power System Collapse , International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJEEE) ISSN (PRINT): Vol-1, Iss-3, 2012, Page No. 2231 – 5284. [2]. Claudia Reis, F.P. Maciel Barbosa, A Comparison of Voltage Stability Indices , IEEE MELECON 2006, May 16-19, Benalmádena (Málaga), Spain, Page No. 1007-1010. [3]. Moghavvemi M., and Faraque M., 1999. Power system security and voltage collapse: a line outage based indicator for prediction , INT J ELEC POWER. Page No. 455-461. [4]. Vectorization (mathematics) – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Vectorization_(mathematics). [5]. Huamin Zhang and Feng Ding, On the Kronecker Products and Their Applications, Hindawi Journal of Applied Mathematics. Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 296185, 8 Pages. [6]. A Quadratic Programming Page. www.numerical.rl.ac.uk/people/nimg/qp/qp.html. [7]. IBM CPLEX Optimizer – United States.www.ibm.com / software / commerce / optimization / cplex-optimizer/. [8]. TOMLAB Optimization for MATLAB® | TOMLAB Optimization tomopt.com / tomlab/. [9]. MINQ: Quadratic Programming www.mat.univie.ac.at/~neum/software/minq/. [10]. The KNITRO solver – Ziena Optimization LLC | Knitro (R) for www.ziena.com / knitro.html. [11]. TORSCHE Scheduling toolbox for Matlab – Faculty of www.fel.cvut.cz / en / en / vv / tymy / torsche.html. [12]. Reshape array - MATLAB reshape - MathWorks India www.mathworks.in/ help/ matlab/ ref/ reshape.html. [13]. A thesis by Daniel Axehill,Division of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering Linköpingsuniversitet, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. [14]. Steven J.(Steven Joseph) ,Application of a reduced quadratic programmingtechnique to optimal structure design, Fenves ,Carnegie Mellon University [15]. R.Wiebking,,Selected applications of all-Quadratic programming , Springer Link. [16]. JAE K. SHIM Department of Accountancy , School of Business Administration, California State University , Long Beach, California,A survey of quadratic programming applications to business and economics. [17]. Mahmoud Moghavemi, A Line Outage study for Prediction of Static voltage collapse Published in IEEE Power Engineering Review August 1998, Page No. 52-54. [18]. P. Petitclair, Y,Besanger, Bacha, N.Hadjsaid, FACTS Modelling and Control; Application to the Insertion of a STATCOM on Power Systems IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, Lousiana, October 5-6, 1997, Page No. 2213-2217. [19]. KarimBelmokhtar; Hussein Ibrahim, A new reactive power management strategy to enhance the behaviour of the Wind Turbine Generator driven a DFIG under grid faults ,Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC), 2015 IEEE ,Pages:16 - 21, DOI:10.1109/EPEC.2015.7379920,Referenced in:IEEE Conference Publications. [20]. ZettyAdibah Kamaruzzaman1,*, Dynamic voltage stability of a distribution system with high penetration of grid-connected photovoltaic type solar generators, 2 PE Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia,Copyright © JES 2016 on-line journal/esrgroups.org/jes
V. Chayapathy, G S Anitha "Usage of Interlinks in an Electrical Distribution System-----A Boon in Reducing Reactive Power Requirement at the Load Bus" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering,Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.29-38 2017
Hydrological modeling is a commonly used tool to estimate the basin’s hydrological response to precipitation. To compute runoff volume, peak runoff rate, base flow, loss rate, various hydrologic as well as hydrodynamic models are used. Rainfall runoff model is such a model which is used to simulate the rainfall- runoff process in a basin. This model is also very effectively used for flood forecasting and flood plain mapping, which is a natural demolishing phenomenon of high importance. Estimation of rainfall-runoff and flood is a difficult task due to influence of different factors. So far, different models have been proposed and used effectively to analyse such phenomena. In view of the above, the present study has been conducted in the basin of Kharkai River (Eastern India) in Jharkhand and Odisha State using Hydrologic Engineering Centre Hydrologic modeling system (HEC-HMS) model. In this study HEC-HMS hydrological model has been used to simulate the flow in the hydrological units of the area and has helped to compute runoff volume, peak runoff rate, base flow, loss rate of the basin. In the present study for calibration and validation of the model the rainfall data for the basin for the period June 2008 and September 2011 and the observed flow at Adityapur gauging site has been considered. For calibration and validation of HEC-HMS model, the observed flow at Adityapur gauging site has been considered. For calibration of HEC-HMS parameters the guidelines available in the manual has been followed strictly. The calibrated and validated model is tested with Nash Sutcliff efficiency which shows that the model can simulate the rainfall runoff process with an efficiency of 82.3% (tested in validation). The result also shows that the parameter which affects the rainfall-runoff simulation process depends on the intensity of rainfall, land use and land cover of the catchment, catchment characteristics and topography of catchment to a great extent. The results can remarkably contribute to the monitoring system of the flood in both catchment and inundation area of the basin. The result can also effectively used for flood forecasting and flood plain mapping in the deltaic area of the catchment.
- Page(s): 42-46
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Dhananjay Singh Ex-Integrated M.Tech Student, Centre for Water Engineering and Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi – 835 205., India
- Sanny Kumar Ex-Integrated M.Tech Student, Centre for Water Engineering and Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi – 835 205, India
- Parbeer Kumar Parhi Assistant Professor, Centre for Water Engineering and Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi – 835205 , India
References
[1]. Arekhi, S. 2012. Runoff modeling by HEC-HMS Model, Iran, International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4 (23): 1807-1811. [2]. Asadi, A. and Boustani, F. 2013. Performance Evaluation of the HEC-HMS Hydrologic Model for Lumped and Semi-distributed Stormflow Simulation, American Journal of Engineering Research, 11(2):115-121. [3]. Choudhari, K., Panigrahi, B. and Paul, J.C. 2014.Simulation of rainfall-runoff process using HEC-HMS Model for Balijore Nala Watershed, Odisha, India, International Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences, 5(2):253-265. [4]. Chow, V. T., Maidment, D.R. and Mays, L.W. 1988.Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill Book Co, Singapore, 60-65. [5]. Halwatura, D. and Najim, M. 2013.Application of the HEC-HMS model for runoff simulation in a tropical catchment Journal of Environmental Modelling & Software, 46: 155-162. [6]. Hafezparast, M., Araghinejad, S., Ehsan, F. and Bressers, H. 2013.AConceptual Rainfall-Runoff Model using the Auto Calibrated NAM Models in the Sarisoo River, Journal of Hydrology, Current Research, 4(1):2157-7587. [7]. Kang, K. and Merwade,V.2011.Development and application of a storage-release based distributed hydrologic model using GIS. Journal of Hydrology,403:1-13. [8]. Knebl, M.R., Yang, Z.L., and Hutchison, K.2005. Regional scale flood modeling using NEXRAD rainfall, GIS, and HEC-HMS/RAS Journal of Environmental Management, 75: 325–336. [9]. Majidi, A. and Shahedi, K. 2012. Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff Process using Green-Ampt Method and HEC-HMS Model, International Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1(1): 5-9. [10]. Masoud, N., Farshad, S. and Mehdi, K.2011.Simulation of the Rainfall-Runoff Process Using of HEC-HMS Hydrological Model, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 5:490-493. [11]. Roy, D., Begam, S., Ghosh, S. and Jana, S. 2013.Calibration and Validation of HEC-HMS model for a river basin in eastern India, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 8: 1819-6608. [12]. Saleh, A. 2012.Runoff modeling by HEC-HMS Model, International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4(23):1807-1811. [13]. Subramanian, K.2008. Engineering Hydrology. Third edition Tata McGraw-Hill Edition, New Delhi, 224-229. [14]. Verma, K. Arbind., Jha, K.Madan. and Mahana, K. Rajesh.2009.Evaluation of HEC-HMS & WEPP for simulating watershed runoff using Remote sensing and Geographical Information System, 2010(8):131-144. [15]. Xuefeng, C., and Alan, S. 2009. Event and Continuous Hydrologic Modeling with HEC-HMS, Journal of Irrigation and drainage engineering, 135(1):119-124. [16]. Yener, M., Sorman, A., Sensoy, A.,Gezgin, T. 2001. Modeling studies with HEC-HMS and runoff scenarios in Yuvacik Basin, Turkiye, International congress on river basin management, 78: 622-634. [17]. Yusop, Z., Chan, C.H. and Kati, A. 2007.Runoff characteristics and application of HEC-HMS for modelling stormflow hydrograph in an oil palm catchment, Journal of Water Science and Technology, 56: 41–48.
Dhananjay Singh, Sanny Kumar, Parbeer Kumar Parhi "Precipitation Run off Simulation Study of Kharkai Basin" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.42-46 2017
Solid waste is defined as thing that cannot be further use for the purpose and discarded things from community. Generally MSWM include collection, transportation and disposal of solid waste. Urbanization and industrialization has created a great challenge for managing the solid waste because of change in quality and increasing in quantity of waste generation. This challenge make it more complex to manage municipal solid waste around the world. The developing country like India, MSWM is major issues. In last many years waste generation rate of India is increased. This generally happens due to rapid growth and change in life style. Themajor issues related to MSWM in India is that there is not 100% segregation at household level and 90% of solid waste is directly disposed to land. Some suggested remedies for MSWM are increasing the source separation, implementing some tax on MSW collection so that funds for recourses can be adjust and protection of groundwater from leachate.
- Page(s): 47-49
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Raj ParmarM. E Student of B. V. M. Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
- Dr Arti PamnaniSr. Lecturer at B & B Institute of Technology, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
References
[1]. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2008). Municipal solid waste generation,recycling, and disposal in the United States: Facts and figures for 2007. EPA-530-F-08-018, Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [2]. Marjorie J. Clarke a, Adam D. Read b,*, Paul S. Phillips c. (1998). Integrated waste management planning and decision-making in New York City. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 6 (2), 125-141 [3]. Statistics Canada. (2000). Waste Management Industry Survey: Business and Government Sectors [4]. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2010). Feature article: Solid waste in Australia. Retrieved from https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs.nsf/Lookup/4613. [5]. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. (2008). Environment statistics service. Retrieved from https://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste [6]. Eurostat. (2009a). Municipal waste generation and treatment, by type of treatment method - kg per capita. Retrieved from https://epp.eurostat.ec.europa. eu/portal/page/portal/waste/data/sectors/municipal waste [7]. Ashok V. Shekdar. (2008).Sustainable solid waste management: An integrated approach for Asian countries. Waste Management, 29 (4), 1438-1448 [8]. Angela Griffin, Tim Campbell (1999). What a Waste: Solid Waste Management in Asia.The World Bank [9]. Fatema Tania (2014). Solid Waste Management of Dhaka City: A Socio-economic analysis Vol. 13 • No. 1 [10]. R. L. Vermaa,, G. Borongana, M. Memonb (2016). Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, Current Practices and Future Recommendation. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 35, 127-139 [11]. Jianjun Jin, Zhishi Wang, Shenghong Ran (2005). Solid waste management in Macao: Practices and challenges Waste Management, 26, 1045–1051 [12]. Technical report (2007). OWRCMR (Organization for waste recovery and composting of the municipality of Rasht) [13]. M.R. Alavi Moghadam, N. Mokhtarani, B. Mokhtarani (2008). Municipal solid waste management in Rasht City, Iran. Waste Management, 29 (1), 485-489 [14]. Syeda Adila Batool, Muhammad Nawaz Ch (2009). Municipal solid waste management in Lahore City District, Pakistan. Waste Management, 29(6), 1971-1981 [15]. Ranjith Kharvel Annepu (2012). Sustainable SolidWaste Managementin India [16]. Talyan V., Dahiya, R.P., Anand, S., Sreeprishman, T.R. (2008): State of municipal Solid Waste Management in Delhi, the capital of India, Waste Management, 28, 1276-87. [17]. Javaid Ahmad Bhat M.Phil Sees, Davv Indore. Challenges of urbanization in India: A Review of Solid Waste Management [18]. Sunil Kumar, J.K. Bhattacharyya, A.N. Vaidya, Tapan Chakrabarti, Sukumar Devotta ,A.B. Akolkar (2009). Assessment of the status of municipal solid waste management in metro cities, state capitals, class I cities, and class II towns in India: An insight.Waste Management, 29(2), 883-895 [19]. Ali M, Olley J, Cotton A (1999). Public sector delivery of waste management services: case from the Indian sub-continent. Habitat Int 23(4):495–510 [20]. Rajkumar Joshi1 and Sirajuddin Ahmed (2015). Status and challenges of municipal solid waste management in India: A review. Cogent Environmental Science, 2(1) [21]. Kaushal, R. K., Varghese, G. K., & Chabukdhara, M. (2012). Municipal solid waste management in India-current state and future challenges: A review. International Journal ofEngineering Science and Technology, 4, 1473–1489 [22]. Joseph, K. (2002). Perspectives of solid waste management in India. In International Symposium on the Technology andManagement of the treatment and Reuse of the MunicipalSolid Waste. Shanghai. [23]. R. Chatterjee (2009). Municipal Solid Waste Management inKohima ity-IndiaJournal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 7(2), 173-180. [24]. Lo, I. M. C. (1996). Characteristics and treatment of leachates from domestic landfills. Environment International, 22, 433–442 [25]. Mor, S., Ravindra, K., Dahiya, R. P., & Chandra, A. (2006).Leachate characterization and assessment of groundwater pollution near municipal solid waste landfill site. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 118, 435–456
Raj Parmar, Dr Arti Pamnani "Review for MSWM in Indian Cities and Town" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.47-49 2017
In India, Large amount of kitchen waste, vegetable waste, bagasse, garden waste are obtained which is given in municipal solid waste which adds to management of waste. If it can be utilized for better purposes it can reduce load to municipal solid waste management. This waste being organic in nature can be used for biogas production. This paper reviews the utilization of organic waste available for anaerobic digestion of waste and thus utilization of waste to energy. Any matter which can be decomposable by the action of microorganisms in a short period of time is called biodegradable. Mostly food waste; vegetable waste, bagasse, Garden waste are biodegradable. These wastes are generally dumped in dumping sites which when degraded release carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia and hydrogen sulphide into the environment thereby contributes to air pollution and odors pollution. In this paper review of experiment work by different researchers for generation and utilization of biogas by organic wastes. This paper even opens new avenue of waste to energy method of disposal of municipal waste. These waste if treated in proper method can be utilize for integrated solid waste management. Efficiency of production of biogas increases by mixing cow dung to any of these wastes. Cow dung is also easily available in rural part of India and even at urban India. This paper leads to finding out most effective waste for biogas production and finding its percentage with cow dung.
- Page(s): 50-53
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Kinjal Patel M. Tech Student, BVM Engineering College, VallabhVidhyanagar, Gujarat, India
- Dr. Arati Pamnani Sr. Lecturer, B & B Institute of Technology, VallabhVidhyanagar, Gujarat, India
References
[1] S.C. Rabelo, H. Carrere, R. MacielFilho, A.C. Costa, Production of bioethanol, methane and heat from sugarcane bagasse in a biorefinery concept, Bioresource technology, 102, 2011, 7887-7895. [2] SnehaEshore, ChanchalMondal, Aritra Das, Production of Biogas from Treated Sugarcane Bagasse, International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology,6, 2017, 224-227. [3] SUYOG VIJ, BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM KITCHEN WASTE,Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, 2011. [4] A. Apte, V. Cheernam, M. Kamat, S. Kamat, P. Kashikar, and H. Jeswani, Potential of Using Kitchen Waste in a Biogas Plant, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 4,2013,4. [5] OjikutuAbimbola O, OsokoyaOlumide O, Evaluation of Biogas Production from Food Waste,The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES), 3, 2014, 1-07. [6] DhanalakshmiSridevi V.1 and Ramanujam R.A., Biogas Generation in a Vegetable Waste Anaerobic Digester: An AnalyticalnApproach,Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(3), 2012, 41-47. [7] Patil V.S.1 and Deshmukh H.V.,Anaerobic digestion of Vegetable waste for Biogas generation: A Review, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 4(6), 2015, 80-83. [8] V. D. GUJALWAR1, M. IQBAL, INNOVATIONS IN GENERATION OF BIO-GAS FROM KITCHEN FOOD WASTE AND COW DUNG, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), 2014. 29-31. [9] SrinvasaReddy.N., Satyanarayana.S.V., Sudha.G, Bio Gas Generation from Biodegradable Kitchen Waste, International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB), 2, 2017 [10] Musa I. Tanimu, Tinia I. Mohd Ghazi, Razif M. Harun, and AzniIdris, Effect of Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio of Food Waste on Biogas Methane Production in a Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Digester, International Journal of Innovati on, Management and Technology, 5, 2014. [11] Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun and Shuichi Torii, Production of Biomethane from Cafeteria, Vegetable andFruit Wastes by Anaerobic Co-Digestion Process, Journal of Clean Energy Technologies, 3, 2015, 5. [12] Zahir Talha,1 Weimin Ding,1 EsmaeilMehryar,1 Muhammad Hassan,1 and Jinhua Bi, Alkaline Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse and Filter Mud Codigested to Improve Biomethane Production,Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International,2016,2016,10. [13] Md. Abdur Rashid Mia, Md. RaselMolla, TanzinaSayed, Md. Moksadul Amin, TanzimaYeasmin, Md. Belal Uddin, Enhancement of Biogas Production by Cellulytic Bacteria from Bagasse Using Methanogenesis, American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 1(2), 2016, 15-20. [14] Priyanka Gupta , Raj Shekhar Singh, Ashish Sachan, Ambarish S. Vidyarthi, Asha Gupta, Study on biogas production by anaerobic digestion of garden-waste, Elsevier, 95, 2012, 495-498. [15] Dan Brown, Yebo Li, Solid state anaerobic co-digestion of yard waste and food wastefor biogas production, Elsevier, 127, 2013, 275-280.
Kinjal Patel, Dr. Arati Pamnani "Review: Generation of Biogas from Kitchen Waste, Bagasse and Garden Waste" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.50-53 2017
In this work an attempt has been made to develop hybrid composite with filler material like coconut ash powder for different weight ratios using hand layup technique. Different mechanical properties such as tensile, bending and hardness were studied by preparing the specimen according to ASTM standards. A comparative study of results for different weight ratio it was found that the tensile and bending strength was maximum for without filler material , but the Young’s modulus in tensile found to be maximum for 5% coconut ash powder. There was considerable enhancement in the hardness for 20% coconut ash powder. The tribological behaviour for the above said material has been assessed with a computerized pin disc wear machine by operating in dry condition with varying loads and constant speed, length and time has been done. It was found that for 20% coconut ash powder material the weight loss was minimum and co-efficient of friction is very high. The microstructure analysis is done using Scanning electron microscope.
- Page(s): 54-59
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Girish T.R.Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Keerthi Prasad.K.S. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engg & Tech, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Mithun.S.G. PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KS Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. R. Udhayasankar and B. Karthikeyan A review on Coconut Shell Reinforced Composites International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.8, No.11 pp 624-637, [2]. J. Olumuyiwa Agunsoye*, Talabi S. Isaac, Sanni O. Samuel Study of Mechanical Behavior of Coconut Shell Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2012, 11, 774-779 Published Online August 2012 (https://www.SciRP.org/journal/jmmce). [3]. S. Roopa and M.Siddaramaih “Mechanical Thermal and Morphological Behaviours of Coconut Shell Powder Filled Pu/Ps Biocomposites,” Advanced Materials Re-search, Vol. 41, No. 14, 2010, pp. 3141-3153. [4]. Girish T R , Dr. Keerthi Prasad K.S. and Nataraj B “Processing and characterization of hybrid composites using Jute and E-Glass” in IJERT Volume 4, issue 08, August 2015. [5]. Girish T R , Dr. Keerthi Prasad K.S. Manjunath.KV.andVarunU “Characterization of Fiber Reinforced composite material using Hemp, E-glass as fiber with Epoxy and polyester resin in International conference on matreials and manufacturing technology ICMMT-2015 Bangalore India on Dec 2015. [6]. Hourston, D. J.Lave, J. M. and MacBeth(2001), An Investigation into the Effects of Composition on the Properties of Epoxy Resin Blends, Poly. Int., 26: 17. [7]. AntonioPiratelli-Filho,Frank Shimabukuro (2008). Characterization of Compression Strength of Granite-epoxy Composites Using Design of Experiments, Materials Research, 11:399-404. [8]. N.VenkateshwaranA. Elayaperumal, and G. K. Sathiya, “Prediction of tensile properties of hybrid-natural fiber composites,” Composites B, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 793–796, 2012. [9]. Mukherjee,P.S.&Satyanarayana,KG.1986,“Structure and properties of some vegetable fibers-II. Pineapple leaf fiber,” J. Material Science21 (January), pp. 51–56. [10]. R. Karnani, M. Krishnan and R. Narayan, “Biofiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites,” Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 37, No. 2, 1997, pp. 476-483. [11]. Chandramohan D. and Marimuthu. K (2011) “Tensile and Hardness Tests on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Material” IJAEST, Vol. 6, pp.97 – 104. [12]. S. Thomas, C.H. Chan, L. A. Pothen, J. Joy, H. Maria, Natural Rubber Materials: Volume 2: Composites and Nanocomposites, RSC Publishing, Cambridge (2014). [13]. Hourston, D. J.Lave, J. M. and MacBeth(2001), An Investigation into the Effects of Composition on the Properties of Epoxy Resin Blends, Poly. Int., 26: 17. [14]. R. Karnani, M. Krishnan and R. Narayan, “Biofiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites,” Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 37, No. 2, 1997, pp. 476-483. [15]. D. Gay, S. V. Hoa, S. W. Tsai, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, CRC Press, Florida (2002).
Girish T.R., Keerthi Prasad.K.S., Mithun.S.G. "Characterization of a Hybrid Composite using E-Glass, Jute with Coconut Shell Powder as Filler Material" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.54-59 2017
Confectionery products were generating less profit compared to other food products.So,a study was undertaken in the supply chain function to analyze the reasons for low profit margin. The study undertaken examines the financial impact of supply chain decisions by taking into consideration different scenario with reference to reductions in the areas of transportation, warehousing and inventory carrying.
- Page(s): 60-65
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Prof. Prayag P. Gokhale Asst. Professor, Department of MBA, KLE DR. M S Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum Karnataka India
- Dikxitha D. BhatResearch Student, Department of MBA, KLE DR. M S Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum Karnataka India
References
[1]. Wagner, Stephan M., Pan Theo Grosse-Ruyken, and FeryalErhun. "The link between supply chain fit and financial performance of the firm." Journal of Operations Management 30.4 (2012): 340-353. [2]. Sukati, Inda, et al. "The study of supply chain management strategy and practices on supply chain performance." Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 40 (2012): 225-233. [3]. Elgazzar, Sara H., et al. "Linking supply chain processes’ performance to a company’s financial strategic objectives." European Journal of Operational Research 223.1 (2012): 276-289. [4]. Winser, Pricilla. “Linking the supply chain performance to a firm’s financial performance.” Supply Chain Reviews (2011). [5]. Johnson, Mark, and Simon Templar. "The influence of supply chains on a company’s financial performance." (2007).
Prof. Prayag P. Gokhale, Dikxitha D. Bhat "A Study on Financial Impact of Supply Chain Decision of Confectionery Products in India" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.60-65 2017
The need of energy is increasing continuously, because of increase in industrialization as well as human population. The basic sources of this energy are petroleum, natural gas, coal, hydro and nuclear. The major disadvantage of using petroleum based fuel is atmospheric pollution. Petroleum diesel combustion is a major source of greenhouse gases (GHG). Apart from these emissions, petroleum diesel combustion is also major source of other air contaminants including NOx, SOx, CO, particulate matter and volatile organic compounds, which are adversely affecting the environment and causing air pollution. These environmental problems can be eliminated by replacing the petroleum diesel fuel with an efficient renewable and sustainable bio fuel. Biodiesel derived from various sources like crops cannot be satisfy the fraction of the existing demand for transport fuels. Microalgae appear to be the source of renewable biofuel that is capable of meeting the global demand for transport fuel. Microalgae is a sunlight driven oil production species. It produces more oil content than the oil crops and it is abundantly available in the seas. As the earlier work of cotton seed oil (2nd generation) shows the increased emission of NOx and BP and BTE. Microalgae have an ability to reduce the NOx discussed in the earlier work. In this work, the scope is to reduce the harmful gases exhausted from emissions of IC engine. To reduce the harmful emissions from 2nd generation bio fuels with maintaining same BP and BTE, the blends of Cotton seed oil ester (2nd generation) and Microalgae oil ester (3rd generation) at various proportions are used.
- Page(s): 66-83
- Date of Publication: 30 September 2017
- Aakash.GB. E., Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Sivasankar.PB. E., Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Kumar.RB. E., Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Ragul.RB. E., Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Dr. R. SenthilrajaAssistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Dr. S. Tharves MohideenHead of the Department, Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
References
[1]. Ulf Schuchardt. An Extraction and characterization of Cotton seed oil . ASIAN J.EXP.BLOL.SCL vol 1 (4) 2101:728-739. [2]. Juergen G .Krahl.Simple extraction method of green crude from natural blue green micro algae by dimethyl ester.Procedia Engineering 56 (2013):591-596. [3]. Hamed M.EL-Mashad. Performance and exhaust emission of a diesel engine by burning algal biodiesel blends.Procedia engineering 105(2015):736-738. [4]. Lakshmi Narayanan Rao G, Sampath S, Rajagopal K. Third generation biofuel from algae. IJMME-IJENS vol:16 No:03. [5]. HanifaTaher. Influence of fatty acid structure on fuel properties of algae derived biodiesel.IRJETvol :02 ISSUE :07/oct-2015. [6]. Md. Imran Kais, Farsad Imtiaz Chowdhury , Kazy FayeenShahriar. Algae to energy ;Engine performance using raw algae oil.Dec 2014, vol 2 ISSUE 7,ISSN 2349-4476. [7]. Matt Johnston. Study on biodiesel production of cotton seed oil through conventional method. Fuel processing technology 86(2005):1097-1107 [8]. www.biodiesel.gov.ar [9]. www.ijetmas.com [10]. www.jatrophabiodiesel.org [11]. www.agricultura.gov.br [12]. www.researchgate.net
Aakash.G, Sivasankar.P, Kumar.R, Ragul.R, Dr. R. Senthilraja, Dr. S. Tharves Mohideen "Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics of a Diesel Engine using “Cotton Seed Oil and Microalgae Oil” Methyl Ester" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.6 issue 9, pp.66-83 2017