Big Data Analytics in Bioinformatics

Abstract— Tuberculosis is the ancient and global disease, which is found worldwide. TB is the infectious bacterial disease which affect both humans and animals due to growth of nodules in the tissues (mainly Lungs).Big data analytics in healthcare is evolving into a promising field for providing insight from very large data sets and improving outcomes while reducing costs..The paper highlights the potential of bigdata to identify contiguous infection and to hypothesize a Data application engine that not only provides mapping between the spread of animal-human tuberculosis but some of the neglected reason about the spread of the disease.

Keywords— Big data; Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis;

INTRODUCTION: ANIMAL AND HUMAN TUBERCULOSIS AND BIG DATA

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases that have coevolved along with human from many thousands of years. Robert Koch was awarded with Nobel prize for discovering Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is responsible for causing tuberculosis in 1905.Tuberculosis in human is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis .Other members that belong to this family include M.bovis which is the main cause for tuberculosis in animals. M.microti and M.africanum are very rare bacillus which cause the infections. Human may become infected by M.bovis usually due to intake of milk, milk products or meat from the infected animal.6% of death of humans in preantibiotic era was due intake of infected products because there was no concept of pasteurization. Even though bacilli was identified nearly 130 years ago, a definitive understanding of pathogenesis of this disease is still deficient .Infection with TB can result in two stages: asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) or tuberculosis disease. If left untreated, the mortality rate with this disease is over 50%. The Case facility ratio(CFR) in 2015 was carried out which shows most of WHO African region are high suffers. This shows considerable inequalities among countries in access to TB diagnosis and treatment that need to be addressed. So if everyone with TB had a timely diagnosis and high quality treatment the CFR would be low in all Countries.
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