INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,
MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCE (IJLTEMAS)
ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue III, March 2025
www.ijltemas.in Page 90
Research Trends in International Entrepreneurial Intention: A
Bibliometric Analysis
Aastha
Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2025.140300012
Received: 18 March 2025; Accepted: 22 March 2025; Published: 02 April 2025
Abstract: International entrepreneurship as important contributor in global economy, still there is a dearth of knowledge
regarding international entrepreneurial intention. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using the analytical tools of the Scopus
database and Biblioshiny. The research literature was selected from journals listed on the Scopus database and analyzed trends in
the production area of the research paper, citation trend, the contributions of authors as well as journals and top countries
participation in research on international entrepreneurial intention. The intellectual structure of the research on this area was
examined to provide essential insights into current advancements in this field.
Keywords: International entrepreneurial intention, Internationalization, Bibliometric analysis
I. Introduction
Entrepreneurship is one of the key drivers of economic growth, it is critical to obtain a deeper understanding of the elements that
influence its growth (Haddad et al., 2021). The globalization of the world economy has sparked a surge in interest in international
entrepreneurship over the last decade (Zahra & George, 2008). International entrepreneurship is a mix of proactive, inventive, and
risk-taking behavior that spans national borders and aims to provide value to businesses (McDougall & Oviatt, 2000) The area of
international entrepreneurship is diverse in many ways, and a recognizable niche of International Entrepreneurship study has
emerged in a relatively short period (Coviello & Jones, 2004). This development can be defined as the process of cross-border
integration of domestic products, capital, and labor markets (OECD, 2007). The ability to predict future entrepreneurial action is
aided by entrepreneurial intention (Krueger & Carsrud, 2010). Entrepreneurial intention is described as a state of mind that leads
to the formation of a new business concept and the pursuit of a career in entrepreneurship (Chhabra et al., 2020). As long as the
environment provides favorable stimuli, each individual can be proactive and develop entrepreneurial habits (Mónico et al., 2021).
Few theories explain the relationship and importance of intention. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, values underlie
attitude, which drives intention and intention is the best predictor of behavior. The link between individual internationalization
intention and firm-level action is explained using the upper-echelon theory (Hambrick & Mason, 1984). According to the resource-
based view, evidence suggests that enterprises' foreign market access is conditioned by the existence of particular resources and
competencies (Serra et al., 2012). Growth is linked with internationalization entrepreneurship, which is succeeded by
intention. This paper aims to study international entrepreneurial intention(IEI) by using bibliometric analysis and review the
papers of women entrepreneurs’ intention towards internationalization. As women are among the fastest-growing groups of
entrepreneurs, and that they contribute significantly to innovation, job creation, and wealth creation in economies around the
world, they remain vastly understudied. (de Bruin et al., 2006). Due to growing revenue potential, women's entrepreneurship is
projected to expand to focus more on foreign markets. Women entrepreneurs' decisions to internationalize are hampered by
cultural and social constraints (Ratten & Tajeddini, 2018). Because of their previous experience as a minority in management and
professional contexts, and the problems that this has involved, women may be more willing and able to bear adversities and cope
with isolation. (Tung, 2004). It may also be demonstrated that, by necessity, female entrepreneurship is higher than male
entrepreneurship (Nissan et al., n.d.). Women may be thought to be particularly well-suited to overseas assignments. (Ng & Sears,
2017) but it is also stated that Women make fewer efforts to internationalize at medium levels of education, possibly due to their
concentration in personal service industries, which are more difficult to export. (Nissan et al., n.d.). At every point of the
international transfer cycle, female expatriate managers confront more difficulties than male expatriates (Mayrhofer & Scullion,
2002). It is also shown that when entrepreneurship expectations in the home nation are high, both male and female exporters have
lower export intensity. Despite this, women's aspirations for expanding their business are lower than men's at the same degree of
innovation. Our conversation demonstrates that distinct motives exist for women entrepreneurs to expand their businesses
internationally, depending on their region of origin (Moreira et al., 2019). The limited research on developing countries that does
exist is frequently based on small samples drawn from ad hoc questionnaires (Coad & Tamvada, 2012). The biggest issues
experienced by female-owned businesses appear to be related to raw resources and market issues. Raw material, equipment,
management, and power shortages are all issues that rural businesses face, although they are less affected by labor shortages and a
lack of demand (Coad & Tamvada, 2012)
A variety of strong reasons exist to investigate the relationship between internationalization, entrepreneurship, and intention.
International entrepreneurial intention copes up with many obstacles such as a lack of knowledge or capital, a lack of professional
management techniques, and so on. This is especially true when it comes to crucial strategic considerations like
internationalization. (Sommer & Haug, 2011). Women face more obstacles than males in carrying out entrepreneurial activities
due to their multiple responsibilities, particularly for those who are married and have children, further research on the elements
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING,
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ISSN 2278-2540 | DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS | Volume XIV, Issue III, March 2025
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that influence women's desire to become entrepreneurs is needed (Cristina Díaz-García & Jiménez-Moreno, 2009)(Anggadwita et
al., 2020). This study contributes to the literature in several ways.
Objectives of the study
1.
To assess the overall trend in the research production of international entrepreneurial intention.
2.
To identify the overall contribution made by authors, journals, and organizations towards the domain of
international entrepreneurial intention and literature review of women international entrepreneurial intention
3.
To review women international entrepreneurial intention
II. Methodology
Bibliometric methodologies, often known as "analysis," have become well-established as scientific specialties and are an
important component of research evaluation methodology, particularly in research and practice domains (Ellegaard & Wallin,
2015). Systematic literature review articles are methodological studies that employ database searches to extract research findings,
as well as a theoretical discussion of a certain topic or issue (Editorial, 2007). The subject of international entrepreneurial
intention has been studied widely in several disciplines using a range of meta-theoretical assumptions and methodologies.
Bibliometric analysis was conducted to enable a systematic review of the literature on the international entrepreneurial intention to
satisfy the goals of understanding the research trajectory using Biblioshiny. A bibliometric analysis consists of using quantitative
statistical analysis and publications to the citations in question. The purpose is to find the items that have the most impact in the
analysis of cocitations, keywords associated with the theme, authors, and journal publishing (Pittaway et al., 2004). In this
review, the researcher focused especially on international entrepreneurial intention.
Defining appropriate term
The first stage is to define and finalize the database that will be used to source the literature. The Scopus database was used to
find research literature on international entrepreneurial intentions for this study. Scopus was chosen because it is one of the most
comprehensive databases of research literature in the field, which includes papers in the domain of international entrepreneurial
intention. The Scopus database also allows academics to export data in a consistent format, making it a popular tool for scholars
conducting systematic literature reviews. Selecting keywords was the next stage. For a more holistic and thorough search, the
terms "international entrepreneurial intention" were employed. Using the "and" strings, the keywords were found using the "Title,
abstract, and keywords" search criteria. In December of 2021, the search was conducted. The initial search results have been
presented in the next phase. The Scopus database generated 165 results for the keyword search.
III. Screening the search result
Research papers from academic journals, articles, and review papers were chosen, except research papers published in conference
proceedings, books, and other publications. Only research papers written in the English language were included in the search. After
the application of the above filters (screening) 145 research papers formed the final sample set to be used for further analysis.
These research papers were subsequently downloaded from the Scopus database in a comma-separated values (CSV) file for
further analysis.
Analysis And Result Initial Data Statistics
The final set of 145 was chosen as the sample set for the bibliometric study. Fig 1 shows the annual production trend
in the research area of international entrepreneurial intention. Research in the area of international entrepreneurial intention is
increasing and in 2021 it is very popular. Table 1 represents the main information about the data. Over 380 authors wrote
research papers on the topic of international entrepreneurial intention, resulting in 145 publications published in 97 journals in past,
suggesting significant interest in the subject area. The number of articles per author is only 0.382, the field has seen a lot of
collaboration between researchers and academics, whilst author per document is 2.62. This fact is further supported by the fact that
just 22 authors wrote research papers on their own, while 358 authors collaborated to produce research papers on this subject. The
average citation per document is 20.17.
Table 1: Summarize preliminary data statistics
Description
Results
MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
Timespan
2003:2021
Documents
145
Average years from publication
5.64
Average citations per document
20.17
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Average citations per year per doc
2.276
Authors
380
Author Appearances
411
Authors of single-authored documents
22
Authors of multi-authored documents
358
AUTHORS COLLABORATION
Single-authored documents
31
Documents per Author
0.382
Authors per Document
2.62
Figure 1: Annual production of the research area of international entrepreneurial intention
Citation trend
The research was then conducted based on the average number of citations/citations in papers linked to international entrepreneurial
intention, both on a per-year and per-article basis. The period of research carried out under this theme was published from 2003 to
2021. According to Table 2, most articles linked to the issue of international entrepreneurial intention were published in 2021,
with a total of 29 documents.
The highest total citation average for each article happened in 2011, with an average of 110.4285714 citations. Whereas for the
average annual citation, the research with the highest citation occurred in 2011 at 10.03896104. This shows that papers published
in 2006 and 2013 are cited more than any other year in the international entrepreneurial intention theme.
Table 2: Average article citation per year
Year
N
MeanTCperArt
MeanTCperYear
CitableYears
2003
1
6
0.315789474
19
2004
1
2
0.111111111
18
2005
1
5
0.294117647
17
2006
1
81
5.0625
16
2007
5
40.8
2.72
15
2008
1
66
4.714285714
14
2009
2
22.5
1.730769231
13
2010
3
49
4.083333333
12
2011
7
110.4285714
10.03896104
11
2012
6
40.16666667
4.016666667
10
2013
10
60.4
6.711111111
9
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2014
10
9.1
1.1375
8
2015
8
12.625
1.803571429
7
2016
6
23
3.833333333
6
2017
8
13.125
2.625
5
2018
12
10.25
2.5625
4
2019
13
6.230769231
2.076923077
3
2020
21
4.19047619
2.095238095
2
2021
29
0.827586207
0.827586207
1
Figure 2: Average article per year
Country and affiliation statistics
Table 3 provides the country-wise scientific production of a research article in the field of international entrepreneurial intention
for the period under consideration for the top 10 countries. Spain is the topmost contributing country with 43 research papers. The
Asian continent is well presented in the top 10 countries. Table 4 outlines the top 10 countries which received the most citation in
terms of the number of citations received. Again the USA is the country, with maximum citation and followed by Spain. India is
not included in the top 10 countries both in terms of research work and citation received.
Table 3: Top 10 countries – no. of research papers
Region
No of Papers
SPAIN
43
USA
40
GERMANY
30
CHINA
21
ITALY
21
MALAYSIA
20
UK
17
BRAZIL
13
PORTUGAL
10
CROATIA
9
Table 4: Top 10 countries - Citation
Country
Total Citations
Average Article Citations
USA
831
63.92
SPAIN
695
57.92
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GERMANY
456
41.45
SWITZERLAND
158
79.00
CROATIA
90
45.00
UNITED KINGDOM
90
12.86
ITALY
76
9.50
BRAZIL
74
18.50
BOSNIA
50
25.00
THAILAND
30
30.00
Three field plot
Fig 2 represents the three-field plot image of the data. The Three Fields Plot image above is a picture consisting of 3 elements: the
name of the authors, a list of countries' names, and the keywords. The three elements are connected by a gray plot, which is
related to one another. Starting from the country's name, each country shows the author who often contributes to its publication.
Each writer shows the keyword they often use for research conducted with International entrepreneurial intention research. The
size of the rectangle illustrates the large number of publications associated with each of these elements.
Figure 3: Three field plot
From the picture above, it is known that in the first element, there are 13 countries in the Three Fields Plot that publish the paper
on the theme of International entrepreneurial intention. The top country that publishes the highest number of papers on the theme of
International entrepreneurial intention is Malaysia, which is depicted with a red rectangle connected to several authors, namely
Haddad G., Samah B.A., Omar S.Z., and many more. Next, go to the second element in the middle of the image, which shows the
author’s name, where several authors are linked with countries. Besides, the author will also be associated with topic keywords
often used on the image’s right. Where in this study, there were 19 top researchers enrolled in this plot. The size of the rectangle
indicates the respective quantity of research publications from each author. As for this study, the authors mostly publish
International entrepreneurial intention themes, namely Haddad G., Samah B.A., Omar S.Z., and many more, which are depicted
by yellow, and green rectangles. Finally, the third element describes the keywords of the research topic on the right side of the
picture. Each keyword is connected with writers who write a lot on related topics. From the results of the image, there are 13
keywords listed. Of all the topics that appear, the keywords often appear marked with green and blue rectangles. This illustrates
that the words entrepreneurship and intention are closely related to research on the theme of International entrepreneurial
intention research.
Top journal
The graph in Fig 4 and Fig 5 above depicts the number of research papers published by each journal depending on their relevance
and most cited journal to the issue of international entrepreneurial intention research. A blue bar chart depicts the list of names of the
top 10 journals published, as well as the interval of the number of documents published. The darker the blue color, the greater the
quantity and importance of the research theme; the number of documents published by all journals varies between 0 and 10.
"Journal of small business management" is the top-ranking journal in the dark blue bar chart, having the most published papers
compared to the bars of other journals whereas “Journal of Business Venturing” is the top-ranking journal, having the most cited
papers compared to the bars of other journals. This is due to the journal's relevance to the topic at hand. Meanwhile, the journals
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with the fewest articles (3 in the top 10) are among the most relevant sources. This suggests that the issue of international
entrepreneurial intention is still lacking in terms of quantity and relevance. Also, a total of 10 journals are listed in the most
relevant data sources.
Figure 4: Most relevant sources
Figure 5: Most cited sources
Author influence
Figure 6: Top contributing authors
Fig 6 and Fig 7 presents the top contributing authors in the research production of International entrepreneurial intention in the
sample set both in terms of the number of the research paper published in Scopus indexed journal over the period and based on
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the total number of citations received by authors.
Figure 7: Highest citation received by authors
A perusal of Figures 6 and 7indicate that whilst Haddad G. is the topmost contributing author in the research domain of
international entrepreneurial intention research, Brannback M is the author with the most citations. Interestingly, all the top-cited
papers are published in the last decade.
IV. Conclusion
This report presents a structural bibliometric analysis of research conducted in the field of international entrepreneurial intention.
The bibliometric analysis reveals that international entrepreneurial intention research has aroused the interest of many academics
and researchers, with the majority of publications in this field produced by authors working together. The fact that the ratio of
authors of single-authored publications to authors of multi-authored documents is as high as 1:16 demonstrates author
collaboration.
According to the geographical distribution of the research, Spain is the leading contributor in terms of both the number and quality of
research papers produced. As far as India is concerned, there is a dearth of study in the field of international entrepreneurial
intention; consequently, academic institutions in India should support more research in this area. According to the three field plot
graph the authors, who mostly publish International entrepreneurial intention themes, namely Haddad G., Samah B.A., Omar
S.Z., many more and entrepreneurship, intention etc are closely related keywords on the theme of international entrepreneurial
intention. “Journal of Business venturing” is the top-ranking journal, having the most cited papers compared to the other journals.
This study directs academics and academicians in identifying growing research trends in the subject of international
entrepreneurial intention, as well as exploring prospects for future research. It gives information about the knowledge structure of
international entrepreneurial intention.
Implications
A bibliometric analysis is a quantitative study of the research literature in a certain field over time. This study has outlined the key
theories and frameworks that have been used by researchers in the domain of International Entrepreneurial Intention research in
the past based on the data set that was used for the bibliometric study, in addition to providing various metrics of analysis concerning
International Entrepreneurial Intention. This would provide a guide for future researchers on hypotheses that may be used as a
foundation for their research on international entrepreneurial intention and women’s international entrepreneurial intention.
Limitations And Future Scope Of The Study
One possible drawback of the study is that it only used the Scopus database to find research papers; in the future, researchers may
try to add other databases as well. Another potential drawback is that citation data and patterns are highly dynamic and subject to
change in the future. Different cultural contexts are also required for determining the intention of women entrepreneurs toward
internationalization.
Future research should focus on the more positive aspects of female entrepreneurs' contributions to the internationalization of
small and large businesses. Overall, research on international entrepreneurial intention is expanding at a reasonable rate around
the world. This research aims to provide an all-encompassing and comprehensive overview of the research completed to date.
However, there is still a lot of potential for research in this field, and several gaps were discovered through bibliometric analysis
of the abstracts of the research papers in the sample set of publications.
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