Assess the Dilemma between the Use of Conventional and Unconventional Energy in Nigerian Shallow Water Oil Fields
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
This study focused on a techno-economic modelling, simulation, and analysis approach, which was used to determine the techno-economic and environmental sustainability feasibility of Solar PV-BESS as the proposed case and an outright replacement of the existing fossil fuel power generation technology based on the load profile of the given location of study. The result from the technical analysis presented shows that the study area was able to utilize an annual solar radiation at 4.14 kWh/m2/d via horizontal positioning at 15⁰ inclination, which was optimal enough to meet the electrical power demand at 17,520,000kWh annually of the facility when the number of solar panels was increased to deliver 100% fraction of load, most especially in the low sunny days from May to October. Also, the economic analysis presented showed positive NPV and IRR on the proposed case. Although the initial cost of the proposed is quite high as already associated with renewable energy solutions but showed substantial payback results andoverall cost-benefit ratio at 1. The results showed that the proposed case eliminated 100% of the GHG emissions from the base case, with tremendous benefits for revenue generation from emission trading schemes. The study recommends that NUPRC and its stakeholders should form strategic partnerships with existing local solar panel manufacturing collaborators and manufacturers, in other to promote in-country production of solar PVs to reduce the initial cost of the solar projects.
Downloads
Downloads
References
Akintoye, O., (2022). Oil exports account for 80% total national revenue. Retrieved from: https://punchng.com/oil-exports-account-for-80-total-national-revenue/
Black, S., Parry, I., Zhunussova, ., (2022). More Countries Are Pricing Carbon, but Emissions Are Still Too Cheap. Retrieved from; More Countries Are Pricing Carbon, but Emissions Are Still Too Cheap. Retrieved from: https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2022/07/21/blog-more-countries-are-pricing-carbon-but-emissions-are-still-too-cheap
Blaufelder, C., Levy, C., Mannion, P., and Pinner, D. (2021). A blueprint for scaling voluntary carbon markets to meet the climate challenge. Retrieved from: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/sustainability/our-insights/a-blueprint-for-scaling-voluntary-carbon-markets-to-meet-the-climate-challenge
Bosri, R., (2019). Evaluation of Managerial Techniques: NPV and IRR. UITS Journal Volume:5 Issue: 1. Retrieved from: https://uits.edu.bd/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/04-Evaluation-of-Managerial-48-57.pdf
Bosri, R., (2019). Evaluation of Managerial Techniques: NPV and IRR. UITS Journal Volume: 5 Issue: 1. Retrieved from: https://uits.edu.bd/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/04-Evaluation-of-Managerial-48-57.pdf
Central Bank of Nigeria, (2020). Framework for Implementation of the Solar Connection Facility. Retrievedfrom:https://www.cbn.gov.ng/out/2020/dfd/solar%20connections%20facility%20guidelines%201.0.pdf
Chandel, M., Agrawal, G.D., Mathur, S., and Mathur, A., (2014). Techno-economic analysis of solar photovoltaic power plant for garment zone of Jaipur city. Case Stud Therm Eng 2014;2:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2013.10.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2013.10.002
Corporate Finance Institute, (2022). Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Retrieved from: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/accounting/life-cycle-cost-analysis/ http://www.leonics.com/ support/article2 12j/articles2 12j en.php (accessed
Dioha, M., (2022). Making Nigeria’s Energy Transition Plan A Reality. Retrieved from: https://www.energyforgrowth.org/memo/making-nigerias-energy-transition-plan-a-reality/
Dioha, M.O, (2022). Nigeria’s energy sector emission profile in 2020. Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford. Retrieved from: Making Nigeria’s energy transition plan a reality (energyforgrowth.org)
E.A.Abdelaziza R.Saidur S.Mekhilefb (2011). A review on energy saving strategies in industrial sector. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Vol. 15. Issue. 1. Page150 165 Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.09.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.09.003
Edalati, S., Ameri, M., Iranmanesh, M., & Tarmahi, H. (2016) “Technical and economic assessments of grid-connected photovoltaic power plants : Iran case study. Energy 2016;114:923e34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.041. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.041
Eghbal, M., Hejazi, H., Maréchal, F., & Royapoor, M. (2019). A review on waste heat recovery from exhaust in the oil and gas sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 237, 117734.
Elsayed, A. T., and Mohammed, O. A., (2013). Design control and management of PV system forEnergies, 15 (2022), p. 828
Energy Agency, Technical; 2017. 1016/j.rser.2012.01.0661109/PVSC.2000.916211.2017) 2018. p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOMICON.2017.8279175.218.
Ganoe, R. E., Stackhouse Jr, P. W., and DeJong, R. J., 2014. RETScreen Plus Software Tutorial. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia. 23681-2199. Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20150000447/downloads/20150000447.pdf
Hayes, A., (2022). Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR): Definition, Formula, and Example. Retrieved from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bcr.asp#:~:text=If%20the%20BCR%20is%20equal,it%20should%20not%20be%20considered.
Hayward, R., (2022). The Dark Side of Renewable Energy. Hayward Environmental Consulting.Retrievedfrom:https://www.hechayward.com/the-dark-side-of renewableenergy/#:~:text=The%20biggest%20dark%20side%20of,our%20electricity%20from%20solar%20panels.
Heyard, R. and Hottenrott, H., (2021). The value of research funding for knowledge creation and dissemination: A study of SNSF Research Grants. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. volume 8, Article number: 217. Retrieved from; https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-021-00891-x How to Design Solar PV System - Guide for sizing your solar photovoltaic system n.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00891-x
Hussein BN. Introducing a PV design program compatible with Iraq conditions. Energy Procedia 2013;36:852–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.098.
Hussein, B. N., (2013). Introducing a PV design program compatible with Iraq conditions. Energy Procedia 2013;36:852–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.098. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.098
Ibrahim, K.A., Gyuk, P. M., and Aliyu, S., (2019). The Effect of Solar Irradiation on Solar Cells. Science World Journal Vol 14(No 1) 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/swj/article/view/208351/196389 International Energy Agency (IEA). Independent Statistics & Analysis. International
Jennifer, L., (2022). Nigeria Pioneers a Billion-Dollar Voluntary Carbon Market. Retrieved from: https://carboncredits.com/nigeria-billion-dollar-voluntary-carbon-market/
Kagan, J., Drury, A., and Clarine, S., (2022). Payback Period Explained, With the Formula and How to Calculate It. Retrieved from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/paybackperiod.asp#:~: text=The%20payback%20period%20 is%20calculated,the%20time%20value%20of%20money.
Kassem, Y., Camur, H., and Abughinda, O. A. M., (2020). Solar Energy Potential and Feasibility Study of a 10MW Grid-connected Solar Plant in Libya. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research Vol. 10, No. 4, 2020, 5358-5366. Retrieved from: https://etasr.com/index.php/ETASR/article/download/3607/2295 DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3607
Khandelwal, A., and Shrivastava, V., (2-17). Viability of grid-connected solar PV system for a village of Rajasthan. IEEE Int Conf Information, Commun Instrum Control (ICICIC
Khandelwal, A., and Shrivastava, V., (2-17). Viability of grid-connected solar PV system for a village of Rajasthan. IEEE Int Conf Information, Commun Instrum Control (ICICIC2017) 2018. p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOMICON.2017.8279175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOMICON.2017.8279175
Kong, L., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z., Qiu, Z., Li, C., and Le, P., (2020). Optimal design of the solar tracking system of parabolic trough concentrating collectors. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Volume 15, Issue 4, November 2020, Pages 613–619, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctaa065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctaa065
Lee, K. H., Lee, D. W., Baek, N. C., Kwon, H. M., and Lee, C. J., (2012). Preliminary determination of optimal size for renewable energy resources in buildings using RETScreen. Energy 2012;47:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.040. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.040
Lucheroni, C., and Mari, C., (2016). Stochastic systemic LCOE: integration of not-dispatchable renewable power sources in the LCOE theory. Research Gate. (DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3404.8729) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305996463 (February 8, 2018)
Maribus, G., (2014). The World Ocean Review-Marine Resources Opportunities and Risks. Maribus Ggmbh, Hamburg, Germany, 978–3–86648–221–0; 2014. May 3, 2019).
McKenna, R., D’Andrea, M., Gonzalez, M. G., (2021). Analysing long-term opportunities for offshore energy system integration in the Danish North Sea. Advances in Applied Energy 4 (2021) 100067. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2021.100067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2021.100067
Mehmood, A., Shaikh, F. A., and Waqas, A., (2014). Modelling of the solar photovoltaic systems to fulfill the energy demand of the domestic sector of Pakistan using RETScreen software. Int Conf Util Exhib Green Energy Sustainable Dev 2014;2014:1–7.
Mirzahosseini, A. H., and Taheri, M., (2012). Environmental, technical and financial feasibility study of solar power plants by RETScreen, according to the targeting of energy subsidies in Iran. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 2012;16:2806–11. https://doi.org/10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.066
Ogunjo, S. T., Adediji, A. T., Dada, J.B., (2017). Investigating chaotic features in solar radiation over a tropical station using recurrence quantification analysis. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2017;127(1-2):421-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1642-4
Ogunjo, S. T., Obafaye, A. A., and Rabiu, A. B., (2021). Solar energy potentials in different climatic zones of Nigeria. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1032 (2020) Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1032/1/012040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1032/1/012040
OpenAI, 2017. Green Button. Retrieved from: Green Button | Open Energy Information (openei.org)
Owolabi, A. B., Emmanuel, B., Nsafon, K., & Roh, J. W. (2019), Validating the techno-economic and environmental sustainability of solar PV technology in Nigeria using RETScreen Experts to assess its viability. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assessments 2019;36:100542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2019.100542. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2019.100542
Rashwan, S. S., Shaaban, A. M., and Al-Suliman, F., (2017). A comparative study of a small-scale solar PV power plant in Saudi Arabia. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 2017;80:313–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.233
Rehman S, Ahmed MA, Mohamed MH, Al-Sulaiman FA. Feasibility study of the grid connected 10 MW installed capacity PV power plants in Saudi Arabia. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 2017;80:319–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.218.
Rehman, S., Ahmed, M, A., Mohamed, M. H., and Al-Sulaiman, F. A., (2017). Feasibility study of the grid connected 10 MW installed capacity PV power plants in Saudi Arabia. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev 2017;80:319–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05. residential applications with weak grid connection. 2013. p. 1–10. RETScreen | Natural Resources Canada n.d. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.218
Sarvi, M., Shafiee, M., Rosen, M. A., & Dincer, I. (2020). A review of renewable energy utilization in the oil and gas industry. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 119, 109604.
Shrestha, A. K., Thapa, A., and Gautam, H., (2019). Solar Radiation, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Dew Point Study: Damak, Jhapa, Nepa. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2019. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8369231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8369231
SOFO 2018 - The State of the World’s Forests, (n.d.). http://www.fao.org/state-offorests/en/ (accessed July 2, 2019). software-tools/7465 (accessed May 3, 2019).
Solargis, 2020. Direct Normal Iraddiation (Nigeria). Retrieved from: Solar resource maps and GIS data for 200+ countries | Solargis
Stackhouse Jr, P. W., (2020). POWER. Retrieved from: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/docs/methodology/
Thevenard, D., Leng, G., and Martel, S., (2000). The retscreen model for assessing potential PV projects. Conf Rec IEEE Photovolt Spec Conf 2000. p. 1626–9. https://doi.org/10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2000.916211
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (n.d.). GHGRP Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems Sector Industrial Profile [PDF file]. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/ Wikipedia, 2022. Deep cycle battery. Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep-cycle_battery
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in our journal are licensed under CC-BY 4.0, which permits authors to retain copyright of their work. This license allows for unrestricted use, sharing, and reproduction of the articles, provided that proper credit is given to the original authors and the source.