Tank cascade systems in the dry zone are considered as one of the traditional land water management systems and have evolved in order to manage the surface water resources efficiently. Ulagalla cascade is a prominent cascade located in Anuradhapura district with nineteen small tanks and highly utilized for agricultural purposes. Therefore, a systematic monitoring of surface water quality is vital. This study was conducted to assess the variation of surface water quality in Ulagalla cascade and its suitability for irrigation. Water samples were collected once a month during October, 2015 to February, 2016 from each tank for chemical analysis. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, alkalinity, nitrogen (NO3--N), and available phosphorous (PO43--P) were tested. Salinity, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and sodium percentage (Na %) were calculated using the measured parameters. Based on the sodium percentage 5%, 90% and 5% of the tanks water were categorized as excellent, good and permissible for irrigation respectively. As per the US salinity hazard diagram 5% of the tanks had low salinity low sodium (C1S1) water while, 95% of the tanks had medium salinity low sodium (C2S1) water. Surface water in Ulagalla cascade can be used to irrigate most crops provided with considerable amount of leaching.
- Page(s): 01-05
- Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
- M.M.L.U. Kumudumali Dept. of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
- K.G.S. Nirmanee Dept. of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
References
[1]. Wang, Y.; Wang, P.; Bai, Y.; Tian, Z.; Li, J.; Shao, X.; Mustavich, L. F.; Li, B. L. Assessment of surface water quality via multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of the Songhua River Harbin region, China. J. Hydro-Environment Res.2013, 7, 30–40, doi:10.1016/j.jher.2012.10.003. [2]. Kumari, M. K. N.; Pathmarajah, S.; Dayawansa, N. D. K.; Nirmanee, K. G. S. Evaluation of groundwater quality for irrigation in Malwathu Oya cascade-I in Anuradhapura District of Sri Lanka. Trop. Agric. Res.2016, 27, 310–324, doi:10.4038/tar.v27i4.8209. [3]. FAO Water for Sustainable Food and Agriculture Water for Sustainable Food and Agriculture: A report produced for the G20 Presidency of Germany; 2017; ISBN 9789251099773. [4]. Abeysekara, A. .; Punyawardena, B. V. . Potential and constraints of climate for groundwater management in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. In Groundwater availability and use in the dry zone of Sri Lanka; Pathmarajah, S., Ed.; Cap-Net Lanaka, Postgraduate institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Sri Lanka, 2016; pp. 1–32. [5]. Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N. Sustainable Management of Malwathu Oya Cascade-I: Present Status and Future Needs. J. Agric. Eng.2015, 1(1), 81–85, doi:10.5176/2345-7848. [6]. Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N. Rainfall trends in Anuradhapura : Rainfall analysis for agricultural planning. Rajarata Univ. J.2013, 1(1), 38–44. [7]. Bebermeier, W.; Meister, J.; Withanachchi, C. R.; Middelhaufe, I.; Middelhaufe, B. Tank cascade systems as a sustainable measure of watershed management in South Asia. Water (Switzerland)2017, 9, 1–16, doi:10.3390/w9030231. [8]. Jayasena, H. A. H.; Chandrajith, R.; Gangadhara, K. R. Water Management in Ancient Tank Cascade Systems (TCS) in Sri Lanka: Evidence for Systematic Tank Distribution. J. Geol. Soc. Sri Lanka Prof. C.B. Dissanayake Felicitation2011, 14, 27–33. [9]. Kumari, M. K. N.; Sakai, K.; Kimura, S.; Yuge, K.; Gunarathna, M. H. J. P. Classification of Groundwater Suitability for Irrigation in the Ulagalla Tank Cascade Landscape by GIS and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Agronomy2019, 9, 351,doi:10.3390/agronomy9070351. [10]. Madduma Bandara, C. . Catchment ecosystem and village tank cascade in the dry zone of Sri Lanka: A time-tested system of land and water resources management. In Stratergies for river basin management; Lundqvist, J., Lohm, U., Falkenmark, M. (ed. ., Ed.; Linkoping, Sweden, 1985. [11]. Kumari, M. K. N.; Sakai, K.; Kimura, S.; Nakamura, S.; Yuge, K.; Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Ranagalage, M.; Duminda, D. M. S. Interpolation Methods for Groundwater Quality Assessment in Tank Cascade Landscape : a Study of Ulagalla Cascade , Sri Lanka. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res.2018, 16, 5359–5380, doi:10.15666/aeer/1605. [12]. Gunarathna, M.H.J.P.; Kumari, M. K. N. Water Quality Assessment of a Tank Cascade System using CCME Water Quality Index. Int. J. Res. Innov. Appl. Sci.2016, 1(III). [13]. Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N.; Nirmanee, K. G. S.; Jayasinghe, G.Y Spatial and Seasonal Water Quality Variation of Yan Oya in Tropical Sri Lanka. Int. J. Appl. Nat. Sci.2016, 5(4), 45–56, doi:10.9734/BJAST/2016/30209. [14]. Gunarathne, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N. Water quality for Agriculture and Aquaculture in Malwathu Oya Cascade-I in Sri Lanka. Rajarata Univ. J.2014, 2 (1), 33–39. [15]. Perera, K. T.; Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Ranagalage, M. . Evaluation of surface water resources in Malwathu Oya cascade-I. In Undergraduate research symposium, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka; 2011; p. 52. [16]. Wijesundara, W. M. G. D.; Nandasena, K. A.; Jayakody, A. N. Spatial and Temporal Changes in Nitrogen , Phosphorus and Potassium Concentration in Water in the Thirappane Tank Cascade in Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. J. Environ. Prof. Sri Lanka2012, 1, 70–81. [17]. Wanasinghe, W. C. S.; Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Herath, H. M. P. I. K.; Jayasinghe, G. Y. Drinking Water Quality on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Aetiology (CKDu) in Ulagalla Cascade, Sri Lanka. Sabaragamuwa Univ. J.2018, 16, 17–27, doi:10.4038/suslj.v16i1.7714. [18]. Kumari, M. K. N.; Pathmarajah, S.; Dayawansa, N. D. K. Characterization of Agro-Well Water in Malwathu Oya Cascade-I in Anuradhapura District of Sri Lanka. Trop. Agric. Res.2013, 25, 46–55. [19]. Simsek, C.; Gunduz, O. IWQ Index: A GIS-integrated technique to assess irrigation water quality. Environ. Monit. Assess.2007, 128, 277–300, doi:10.1007/s10661-006-9312-8. [20]. Kumari, M. K. N.; Sakai, K.; Gunarathna, M.H.J.P. Groundwater quality assessment: Application of irrigation water qality index (IWQI) in Malwathu Oya Cascade-I, Sri Lanka. In Academic world international conference, Sydney Australia; 2019; pp. 11–15. [21]. Al-mussawi, W. Evaluation of Irrigation Water Quality Index (Iwqi) for Al-Dammam Confined Aquifer in the West and Southwest of Karbala City, Iraq. Int. J. Civ. Eng.2013, 20–34. [22]. Wilcox, L. V. Classification and Use of Irrigation Waters; Circular 9.; United States Department of Agriculture: Washington, D.C., 1955; [23]. Richards, L. M. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils Agriculture Handbook, No. 60,US Salinity Laboratory, USDA; 1954; [24]. Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N.; Nirmanee, K. G. S. Evaluation of Interpolation Methods for Mapping pH of Groundwater. Ijltemas2016, 5 (3), 1–5. [25]. Dhanapala, D. M. K. M.; Asanthi, H. B.; Gunarathne, M. H. J. P. Exposure Analysis of Drinking and Dietary Contaminants in a Selected Population, Padaviya, Anuradhapura. Int. J. Multidiscip. Stud.2015, 2(1), 43-50, doi:10.4038/ijms.v2i1.61. [26]. Ayers, A. .; Wescot, D. . Water quality for Agriculture:FAO Irrigation and Drainage paper 29; 1994; pp. 1–130;. [27]. Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Nirmanee, K. G. S.; Kumari, M. K. N. Are geostatistical interpolation methods better than deterministic interpolation methods in mapping salinity of groundwater? Int. J. Res. Innov. Earth Sci.2016, 3 (3), 59–64. [28]. Gunaalan, K.; Ranagalage, M.; Gunarathna, M. H. J. P.; Kumari, M. K. N.; Vithanage, M.; Saravanan, S.; Warnasuriya, T. W. S. Application of Geospatial Techniques for Groundwater Quality and Availability Assessment : A Case Study in Jaffna Peninsula , Sri Lanka. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Information2018, 7, 20, doi:10.3390/ijgi7010020. [29]. Cascade, M.; Lanka, S.; Mahatantila, K.; Chandrajith, R.; Jayasena, H. A. H. Survival and Sustainability. Surviv. Sustain.2011, doi:10.1007/978-3-540-95991-5. [30]. USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency. Quality Criteria for Water. Office of Water Planning and Standards. 1976.
M.M.L.U. Kumudumali, K.G.S. Nirmanee "Assessment of Surface Water Quality for Irrigation in Ulagalla Cascade, Sri Lanka" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.01-05 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/01-05.pdf
Our manuscript aims to develop a system which will lead to energy conservation and by doing so, we would be able to lighten few more homes. A circuit with LDR sensor, Arduino UNO as a main processor, and few of electronic components is designed and implemented to control the electricity based on night.Night light control has been designed and constructed based on LDR sensor as the lightrange sensing device. The microcontroller (MCU) ATMega8/168/328 allows dynamic and faster control and the LDR makes the system user-friendly. Sensed LDR and AC light levels are simultaneously.
- Page(s): 06-09
- Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
- Moe Moe SanFaculty of Computer System and Technology, University of Computer Studies (Lashio), Myanmar
- Cherry Kyaw WinFaculty of Computer System and Technology, University of Computer Studies (Lashio), Myanmar
References
[1]. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/analog-t- odig... [2]. https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/2015/ 03/use-ldr-sensor-proteus.html [3]. https://Simple Touch Sensitive Switch Circuit using 555 Timeer & BC547 Transistor. [4]. http://acoptex.com/project/58/basics-project-011a-5v-relay-at-acoptexcom/#sthash.vVyCFfCA.dpbs [5]. Zain Mumtaz and Saleem Ullah, “Automatic Streetlights that Glow on Detecting Night and Object using Arduino”. [6]. https://www.electronicshub.org/use-5v-relay-arduino/
Moe Moe San, Cherry Kyaw Win "Automatic Night Light Control by Using Arduino UNO " International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.06-09 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/06-09.pdf
Agriculture being one of the major occupations in India, it is very essential to discover and implement new idea in this field, though lot of work has been done in this area. It is unfortunate that, these ideas are not been implemented properly in actual field. This is due to high cost and is complicated for rural people. Multipurpose Farming Machine is basic and major equipment involved in agriculture for maximum yielding. Conventional method of planting and cultivating crops is a laborious process and hence for that reason there is a scarcity of labors, this result in delayed agriculture to overcome these difficulties, multipurpose agriculture equipment is designed. This Agricultural vehicle is an agricultural machine of a considerable power and great soil clearing capacity. This multipurpose system gives an advance method to sow, plow, water and cut the crops with minimum man power and labour making it an efficient vehicle. The machine will cultivate the farm by considering particular rows and specific column at fixed distance depending on crop. Moreover the vehicle can be controlled manually by driving the vehicle using seating arrangement. This agricultural vehicle will be running with batteries. Batteries will be charged using Solar Energy. So ultimate aim is to develop a agricultural vehicle which uses renewable sources for operation.
- Page(s): 10-12
- Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
- S. Nithya PoornimaAssistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Doddaballapur Main Road, Avalahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. Amrita Sneha.A, Abirami. E, Ankita. A, Mrs. R.Praveena, Mrs.R.Srimeena - Agricultural Robot for Automatic Ploughing and Seeding [2]. Timo Blender, Thiemo Buchnery, Benjamin Fernandezy, Benno Pichlmaiery and Christian Schlegel - Managing a Mobile Agricultural Robot Swarm for a Seeding Task [3]. Lars Grimstad, Cong D. Pham, Huynh T. Phan, P˚al J. - On the design of a low-cost, light-weight, and highly versatile agricultural robot [4]. Mostafa Sharifi, Prof. XiaoQi Chen - A Novel Vision Based Row Guidance Approach for Navigation of Agricultural Mobile Robots in Orchards [5]. Akhila Gollakota, M.B. Srinivas - Agribot - A Multipurpose Agricultural Robot [6]. D.A. Mada, Sunday Mahai, [2013] [7]. V.K. Tewari, A. Ashok Kumar, Satya Prakash Kumar, Brajesh Nare[2012] [8]. F.A. Adamu, B. G. Jahun and B. Babangida [2014] [9]. P. Šařec, O. Šařec [2015]
S. Nithya Poornima "Multipurpose Agribot" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.10-12 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/10-12.pdf
Green the corporate is the new mantra in the name of green wave, green training, green globe, eco ideas; environmental friendly is the new alluring buzz today. To be more prosaic, green is the seductive, new black today. With alarm bells ringing over the corporate folklore, go green is getting more belligerent than before in corporate. Be its green buildings, green products, green processes, green systems and green jobs, the list is endlessly long and if this is not enough HR departments in many companies are increasingly greening their processes in the name of Green Human Resource Management. The researcher’s paper discusses how the concept of go green/green wave is an emerging trend in the professional world, industry 4.0, digital era and economic sustainability.
- Page(s): 13-18
- Date of Publication: 22 October 2019
- Dr Shyam B RAssociate Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Maharaja Institute of Technology, Mysore, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. Bangalore Mirror, Thursday-November-24-2011-page27 [2]. Bangalore Mirror, Tuesday-June-14-2012-page24 [3]. Bangalore Mirror, Saturday-July-7-2012-page8 [4]. Bangalore Mirror, Tuesday-July-31-2012-page8 [5]. HRM Review, vol.XII, No.1, March 2012, page 31-40 [6]. http://www.drjohnsullivan.com/articles-mainmenu-27/employment-branding-mainmen30/165-green-recruiting-building-your-environmental-employment-brand [7]. www.slideshare.net/.../how-to-get-hr-greenand-how-it-e... - United States
Dr Shyam B R "Green Human Resource Management: A Critical to Industry 4.0 and Economic Sustainability" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.13-18 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/13-18.pdf
Concrete is one of the widely used construction material. However, its inherent poor tensile and flexural strengths make it prone to cracking and a gradual increase of brittleness with increase of compressive strength also brings numerous problems in its application. In developing countries, concrete is used in extent greater than that of the structural steel. And also maintenance and repair of concrete structure is a growing problem involving significant expenditure. In recent years cement based materials have been developed, with compressive strength greater than 200MPa; one such material is Ultra High Strength Concrete (UHSC). UHSC is a ductile material formulated by combining Portland cement, silica fume, quartz flour, fine silica, water reducing admixtures and steel or organic fibers with very low water cement ratio. Recent researches on UHSC revealed that it has high compressive strength and high tensile strength. Also large ductility continues to develop even after cracking in cooperation with fibers. The compressive strength ranging from 200 to 800MPa, flexural strength 30 to 50MPa and Young’s modulus 50 to 60GPa have been achieved by using UHSC. The possibility of achieving high strength, durability, and improved ductility with the use of UHSC encourages researchers and engineers to use this modern material in many practical applications like nuclear waste containment structures, high rise structures, long span bridges, and walkways. Despite these potential, UHSC has not received wide attention in India. Its utility is nil in India, because of non availability of sufficient experimental data regarding the performance of UHSC. It is also still research stage which needs lot of experimental works. The basic objective of this research is to remove some of the barriers to the adoption of UHSC technology in India by developing a degree of experience with its production. Because the cement dosage of UHSC is generally as high as 800 to 1000 kg/m3 to achieve ultra-high strength under very low w/c ratios, a high amount of cement not only affects the production costs, but also has negative effects on the environment due to the emission of carbon-di-oxide gas and heat of hydration which may cause shrinkage problems. Mineral admixtures can be a feasible solution to overcome these problems in UHSC. So an attempt has been made in this experimental work to produce UHSC using locally available sustainable materials like fly ash and rice husk ash to determine the effect of mineral admixtures on the mechanical properties of UHSC.
- Page(s): 19-23
- Date of Publication: 30 October 2019
- P.M. ShanmugavadivuAssistant Professor, Department of Construction Technology and Management, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
- M.Malaiappan SindhuLecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
- Addisu BekeleLecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
- Yohannes GudetaLecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
References
[1]. Halit Yazıcı, Mert Y. Yardımcı, Hüseyin Yig˘iter, Serdar Aydın, Selçuk Türkel (2010), “Mechanical Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete Containing High Volumes of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag”, Cement & Concrete Composites journal, Vol. 32, pp. 639–648. [2]. Halit Yazıcı, Mert Yücel Yardımcı, Serdar Aydın, Anıl S. Karabulut (2009), “Mechanical Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete Containing Mineral Admixtures under Different Curing Regimes”, Construction and Building Materials journal, Vol. 29, pp. 1223–1231. [3]. Liu Juanhong, Song Shaomin (2010), “Effects of Curing Systems on Properties of High Volume Fine Mineral Powder RPC and Appearance of Hydrates”, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Material Science, Vol.25, No.4, pp. 619-623. [4]. Nguyen Van Tuan, Ye Guang, Klaas Van Breugel (2010), “The possibility of using Rice husk ash to produce Ultra High Performance Conrete”, 8th fib PhD Symposium in Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, June 20 – 23. [5]. Peng Yanzhou, Hu Shuguang, Ding Qingjun (2010), “Preparation of Reactive Powder Concrete Using Fly Ash and Steel Slag Powder”, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Material Science, Vol.25, No.2, pp. 349-354. [6]. Pierre Richard, Marcel Cheyrezy (1995), “Composition of Reactive Powder Concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research Journal, Vol. 25. No. 7, pp. 1501-1511. [7]. Srinivas Allena, Craig M. Newtson (2010), “Ultra-High Strength Concrete Mixtures Using Local Materials”, Concrete Sustainability Conference 2010. [8]. Stults M.D, Ranade R, V.C. Li V.C & Rushing T.S (2009), “Mechanical Effects of Rice Husk Ash in Ultra-High Performance Concretes: A Matrix Study”, ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 93, No. 6, pp.629-636.
P.M. Shanmugavadivu, M.Malaiappan Sindhu, Addisu Bekele, Yohannes Gudeta, "Experimental Investigation on Ultra High Strength Concrete" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.19-23 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/19-23.pdf
Planning in the Arab Republic of Egypt in the previous decades conspicuously followed the comprehensive central methodology that proved to be insufficient in responding to the needs and priorities of different stakeholders and different planning levels (economic regions, governorates, centers, cities and villages). Besides, the problems of integrated development are due to the loss of different levels of government to integrated plans that take into account the spatial aspect. This is in addition to the incompatibility of the outputs of strategic and detailed plans (proposed projects) at different levels with the process of preparing sectoral plans by various concerned ministries and their annual budgets. Moreover, local administrations do not care for participating in the preparation of the strategic and detailed plan. However, they only discuss and debate on land use and urban areas without being benefitted from the previous studies and recommendations that have resulted in these plans, which would greatly support the sectoral plans with an audited technical effort. Also, they waste the effort and resources specialized for preparing these detailed and strategic plans, which are reflected in the following: Lack of real coordination between sectoral plans, schemes and strategic and detailed plans Weak of actual participation of stakeholders in the planning process Lack of funds and financial resources allocated to projects, which ensures the implementation of projects on time. Lack of mechanisms to implement strategic and detailed plans In view of the actual reality of the implementation of the strategic plans of cities in Egypt and the shortcomings and lack of clarity, the lack of implementation of the detailed strategic plans for cities in Egypt is a result of the non-organized relation between the main axes that have a great impact on the implementation process. However, in case there is a frame that regulates this relation, these plans are guaranteed to be in accordance with the local reality and the possibility of its efficient implementation.
- Page(s): 24-38
- Date of Publication: 30 October 2019
- RashamokhlesDepartment of Architecture –Fayoum University/ Engineering Collage, Egypt
- Ehab OkbaDepartment of Architecture –Fayoum University/ Engineering Collage, Egypt
- Mohga EmbabyDepartment of Architecture –Fayoum University/ Engineering Collage, Egypt
References
[1]. Ehab Mahmoud Okba,(2014).et al. Development Planning System in Egypt between Planning and Implementation, Un Habitat Report. [2]. General Secretariat of Local Administration - Law of Local Administration System and its Executive Regulations - General Authority for Emiri Printing Press Affairs - Cairo – 1989 [3]. Essam El-Din Mohamed Ali,(2000). Urban Inflation in Egypt and Obstacles of Population Attraction in New Urban Desert Cities, Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, [4]. Unified Building Law 119 of 2008 and its Implementing Regulations, Article No. 2, Dar Al-Arabi for Publishing, (2012 edition( [5]. MahmoudTaha Mahmoud,(2014). Controlling the Contradiction between the Height Law and the Building Density of the Unified Egyptian Building Law 119 of 2008, Scientific Bulletin of Urban Sciences, Faculty of Urban Planning, Issue 11, January. [6]. Fahima El-Shahed,(2010). Strategic Plans for Egyptian Cities, Model of a Rashid City Plan, Ministry of Housing and Utilities [7]. Decree No. 144 of 2009 and its amendments, (Implementing Regulations of the Unified Building Law) [8]. Ministry of Housing and Urban Communities - General organization for physical Planning( GOPP), the work guide for the general strategic plan for Egyptian cities, 2015, Arab Republic of Egypt. [9]. Guide to the preparation of detailed plans, Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities, General organization for physical Planning ( GOPP),, 2017 [10]. Yousry.S.2013 Revolutionizing the Planning Process in Egypt Decentralizing Power and Action SB13, Cairo. [11]. Marwa Ahmed Soliman.,(2016) Towards Strategic Planning Implementation for Egyptian Cities. International Journal on: Environmental Science and Sustainable Development [12]. Srinivas,H. Slums and Squatters, Adopting a rational approach .”Urban Development and Urban poverty UEMERI Research . The WWW Virtual library Urban Environmental Management .2005 -2015 [13]. Steinberg, F. (2002) Strategic urban planning in Latin America: Experiences of building and managing the future. Rotterdam: Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies (IHS) [14]. Esam Al-Din Mohamed Ali,(2004). A Proposed Methodology to Re-Planning the Existing Cities in Egypt, Journal of Engineering Sciences, Assiut University, Vol. 32, No. 3 , July [15]. Newman, P., A.Thornley (1996) Urban planning in Europe international competition : National systems and planning projects. London: Rout ledge. [16]. Frey, H. (1999) Designing the City towards a More Sustainable Urban Form. UK: Taylor & Francis [17]. McCann, E. J. (2001) Collaborative visioning or urban planning as therapy? The politics of public-private policy making. In: The Professional Geographer 53(2):207-218. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. [18]. USAID, USAID-Marco (2004) Participatory strategic planning and pluriannual budgeting, Final Project Report and Evaluation. Souissi, Rabat: Research Triangle Institute RTI Project No.: 07470-814. [19]. Newman, P., A.Thornley (1996) Urban planning in Europe international competition : National systems and planning projects. London: Rout ledge. [20]. Construction Knowledge Exchange (2006) Strategic Urban Spatial Planning. UK: University of Wolver Hampton. [21]. Fabricio, L. de O. (2006) Strategic planning and urban competition: The agenda of mulitlateral agencies in Brazil planners network. Canada: Conference at Toronto [22]. Lucy, W. H., D. L., Phillips (2000) Suburban decline: The next urban crisis. In: Issues in Science and Technology. http://www.issues.org/17.1/lucy.htm. [3, 2015 [23]. McCann, E. J. (2001) Collaborative visioning or urban planning as therapy? The politics of public-private policy making. In: The Professional Geographer 53(2):207-218. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers [24]. David Vicent (2014) Highlights: Dubai strategic plan 2015. STA Consult ores. [25]. http://www.slideshare.net/david20/highlights-dubai-strategic-vission-2015.[3,2015]. [26]. http:// www.gdrc.org/ uem/ squatters/ urban - poverty.html [27]. www.gopp.gov.eg [28]. http://www. mpmar.gov.eg [29]. http://www.jalaan.com/book/show.php?lessid=1814. [4,2016]
Rashamokhles, Ehab Okba, Mohga Embaby "Towards Building a New System to Reform the Planning Process in Egypt" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.24-38 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/24-38.pdf
In the present work it is intended to investigate the drag on a wind turbine airfoil, whose chord is 0.4 m and is set in the real operating conditions. The airfoil is installed in the real operating conditions and is covered partially with a riblet film at different sections to check the optimal riblet location. Four different symmetrical V-shaped riblets are tested, and their sizes are 40, 58, 96, and 144m. Three days during the winter are chosen, and the wind speeds in these days corresponded to three Reynolds numbers whose values are; 653000, 798000 and 976000. Different angles of attack were tested in each case. The results exhibited that the magnitude of drag reduction Varied with the angle of attack, Reynolds number, riblet size, and riblet location. A drag reduction of about to 6% was obtained when using the riblet, whose size is 58 m, for all values of the range of Reynolds numbers. Also, for each Reynolds number value, there is a riblet size that exhibited the best performance. The optimal Reynolds number value decreased with the increase in riblet size.
- Page(s): 39-48
- Date of Publication: 02 November 2019
- K. M. K. PashaAssociate Professor of Mechanical Power, Faculty of Engineering, Modern University, Cairo, Egypt
References
[1]. Thomas ASW.Aircraft drag reduction technology—a summary.Aircraft drag prediction and reduction. AGARD-R-723, 1985, Paper No.1. [2]. Bushnell DB.Turbulent drag reduction for external flows. Aircraft drag prediction and reduction.AGARD-R-723,1985, Paper No.5. [3]. Hirschel EH, Thiede P, Monnoyer F.Turbulence management—application aspects. Fluid dynamics of three-dimensional turbulent shear flows and transition. AGARD-CP-438, Paper No.23, 1988. [4]. Bushnell DB.Supersonic aircraft drag reduction.AIAA Paper 90-1596, 1990. [5]. Bushnell DB.Aircraft drag reduction.Special course on skin friction drag reduction.AGARD-R-786, 1992, Paper No.3. [6]. Bushnell DB.Viscous drag reduction in aeronautics. Proceedings of the 19th Congress International Council Aeronautical Science.Paper 94-0.1, Anaheim, CA, 1994. [7]. Robert JP.Drag reduction: an industrial challenge.Special Course on Skin Friction Drag Reduction.AGARD-R786, 1992, Paper No.2. [8]. Walsh MJ.Riblets.In: Bushnell DB, Hefner JN, editors. Progress in astronautics and aeronautics.Washington, DC: AIAA, 1990, p.203–61. [9]. Coustols E, Savill AM.Turbulent skin-friction drag reduction by active and passive means.Special course on skin friction drag reduction.AGARD-R-786, 1992.Paper No.8. [10]. Coustols E.Riblets: main known and unknown features. In: Choi KS, Prasad KK, Truong TV, editors.Emerging techniques in drag reduction.Mechanical Engineering Publications, UK, 1996.p.3–43. [11]. Coustols E, Schmitt V.Synthesis of experimental riblet studies in transonic conditions.In: Coustols E, editor. Turbulence control by passive means.Netherlands: Kluver Academic, 1990.p.123–40. [12]. McLean JD, George-Falvy DN, Sullivan PP.Flight-test of turbulent skin friction reduction by riblets.Proceedings of International Conference on Turbulent Drag Reduction by Passive Means, Section 16.London: Royal Aeronautical Society, 1987.p.1–17. [13]. Walsh MJ, Sellers WL.Riblet drag reduction at flight conditions. AIAA Paper 88-2554, 1988. [14]. Szodruch J.Viscous drag reduction on transport aircraft. AIAA Paper 91-0685, 1991. [15]. Walsh MJ, Lindemann AM.Optimization and application of riblets for turbulent drag reduction.AIAA Paper 840347, 1984. [16]. Bruse M, Bechert DW, Th van der Hoeven JG, Hage W, Hoppe G.Experiments with conventional and with novel adjustable drag-reducing surfaces.In: So RMC, Speziale CG, Launder BE, editors.Near wall turbulent flows. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1993.p.719–38. [17]. Schwarz-van Manen AD, Thijssen JHH, Nieuwvett C, Prasad KK, Nieuwstadt FTM.The bursting process over drag-reducing grooved surfaces.In: Gyr A, editor. Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction.Berlin: Springer, 1990. p.561–8. AIAA Paper 93-3256, 1993. [18]. Pulvin Ph, Truong TV.Riblets in internal flows with adverse pressure gradients.In: Gyr A, editor.Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction.Berlin: Springer, 1990.p.569–76. [19]. Viswanath PR, Mukund R.Turbulent drag reduction using riblets on a supercritical airfoil at transonic speeds. AIAA J 1995;33(5):945–7. [20]. Van Der Hoven JG, Bechert DW.Experiments with a 1:4.2 model of a commuter aircraft with riblets in a large wind tunnel.In: Choi KS, editor.Recent developments in turbulence management.Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.p.3–24. [21]. Sundaram S, Viswanath PR, Rudrakumar S.Studies on turbulent drag reduction on a NACA 0012 airfoil using riblets.National Aerospace Laboratories Report PD-EA9401, India, 1994. [22]. Agrim Sareen, Robert W. Deters, Steven P. Henry, and Michael S. Selig, Drag Reduction Using Riblet Film Applied to Airfoils for Wind Turbines, 49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition 4 - 7 January 2011, Orlando, Florida
K. M. K. Pasha "Investigating the Effect of the Modified Surface on the Performance of the Wind Turbines" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.39-48 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/39-48.pdf
Indian manufacturing output growth was slowest in the last fifteen months in August 2019. The recent drop observed in the Index of Industrial Production and Rupee depreciation has added worries to continued weakening Indian economy. Recent policy changes and rising costs for Paper Products Manufacturing Industry have opened up challenges. Awareness resulting in ban on one time plastic use materials in India has opened up new market for the industry. Here an attempt is made to understand whether the capacity utilization is high and what is the level of business confidence among the paper product manufacturing companies located in Hubbali.
- Page(s): 49-53
- Date of Publication: 02 November 2019
- Dr. Mrityunjaya B.ChavannavarAssistant Professor, Chetan Business School, Hubbali, Karnataka, India
- Chetana A. LahotiMBA 2nd Year, Chetan Business School, Hubbali, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. CARE Report On Indian Paper Industry (February 12th 2018) [2]. CII Report 2019 [3]. FICCI-Manufacturing-Survey-Report-Q1-2019. [4]. Industry Roundup FY 2019 by CARE. [5]. Manufacturers Association for the year 2018-19 [6]. WCPM Annual Report FY 2018-19. [7]. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/macro-economy/current-account-deficit-widens-to-25-of-gdp-in-q3/article26677131.ece [8]. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/indias-gdp-growth-down-to-5-in-april-june-quarter/article29300685.ece [9]. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/wpi-inflation-remains-unchanged-at-108-in-august/article29429741.ece [10]. https://www.smeventure.com/growth-paper-industry-india/ [11]. https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/dl2vrf/india_paper?w=5 [12]. https://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/india-s-import-of-paper-declines-25-in-first-three-quarters-of-fy19-119022501294_1.html [13]. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/indl-goods/svs/paper-/-wood-/-glass/-plastic/-marbles/paper-demand-to-grow-at-6-7-to-20-mn-tonnes-in-fy20-study/articleshow/64274977.cms
Dr. Mrityunjaya B.Chavannavar, Chetana A. Lahoti "“A Study on Business Confidence of Paper and Paper Product Manufacturing Industry- Empirical Evidence”" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.49-53 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/49-53.pdf
The present work is a continuation of my previous work in which, an experimental investigation was accomplished for the nucleate pool boiling of an aqueous solution of surfactant. The surface temperature and the ambient surfactant temperature are measured for three tubes that are made of brass, aluminum, and stainless steel with almost the same surface roughness. Each one of these tubes is tested with three aqueous solutions of surfactant; TRITON X-100, SLES, and SDS. Each one of the three aqueous surfactant solutions is investigated at concentrations of 0, 200, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm. This concentration range is different from that used in my previous work to allow additional validation for the studied phenomena. To relate the bubble distribution to the heat flux, the measured superheat temperature and heat flux along with their corresponding surfactant physical properties of the solution are fed into suitable published relations that relate the bubble distribution to the minimum cavity radius. From these relations, it was possible to suggest three formulas that correlate the heat flux to the bubble distribution, the measured superheat temperature and the type and concentration of the used surfactant. The experimental investigations showed that, for all cases, the density of bubble distribution increased with the superheat temperature, the heat flux, and the surfactant concentration. For TRITON-X, the bubble distribution increased with the increased surfactant concentration until the value of about 500 ppm, and beyond this value, the distribution varied very slightly.
- Page(s): 54-71
- Date of Publication: 02 November 2019
- K. M. K. PashaAssociate Professor of Mechanical Power, Faculty of Engineering, Modern University, Cairo, Egypt
References
[1]. G. Hetsroni, A. Mosyak, and Elena Pogrebnyak, Effect of Marangoni flow on subcooled pool boiling on micro-scale and macro-scale heaters in water and surfactant solutions", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 89, Pages 425-432, 2015. [2]. Juntao Zhang, Experimental and Computational Study of Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer in Aqueous Surfactant and Polymer Solutions, Ph.D. thesis, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Nuclear Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2004. [3]. R. M. Manglik, A. Athavale, D. S. Kalaikadal, A. Deodhar, and U. Verma, Reactor Engineering: Multi-Scale Control and Enhancement of Reactor Boiling Heat Flux By Reagents and Nanoparticles, Technical Report Tftpl-21-Doe-Neer, August 2011, U.S. Department of Energy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0072, 2011. [4]. Toshiaki Inoue, Yoshio Teruya, Masaru Ishii, and Masanori Monde, Enhancement of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer in Water and Ethanol/Water Mixtures (Effect of Surface-Active Agent), Heat Transfer—Asian Research, 33 (4), PP 229-244 2004. [5]. G. Suryanarayana, G. Venkateswara Rao, N. And N.Balakrishna, Experimental investigation on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer with sodium dodecyl Sulfate, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Applications, Vol3, Issue2, ISSN 2320-6349, pp32-37, 2015. [6]. G. Hetsroni J.L. Zakin, Z. Lin, A. Mosyak, E.A. Pancallo, and R. Rozenblit, The effect of surfactants on bubble growth, wall thermal patterns and heat transfer in pool boiling, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 44 485±497, 2001. [7]. R. I. Elghanam, et al, 2011, "Experimental study of nucleate boiling heat transfer enhancement by using surfactant", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, November 2011. [8]. Hao Peng, et al, 2011, "Effect of surfactant additives on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of refrigerant-based nanofluid", Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science (EXP THERM FLUID SCI) 35(6):960-970 • September 2011 [9]. Guodong Xia, Huanming Jiang, RanLiu, and Yuling Zhai, 2014, Effects of surfactant on the stability and thermal conductivity of Al2O3/de-ionized water nanofluids, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Volume 84, October 2014, Pages 118-124 [10]. Basim Qasim and Ali Al-Sukhani, 2014, "Enhancement Techniques for Boiling Heat Transfer", Ms.C Thesis, the College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida, November 2014. [11]. Hu Zicheng, 2011, Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions, 28-29 March 2011, Added to IEEE Xplore: 15 April 2011. [12]. M. D. Qaisar Raza, Nirbhay Kumar & Rishi Raj, Surfactants for Bubble Removal against Buoyancy, Scientific RepoRts | 6:19113 | DOI: 10.1038/srep19113, PP 1-9, 2016. [13]. Griffith P. And Wallis J. D., "The Role of Surface Conditions in Nucleate Boiling", Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series, Vol. 56, No. 30, Pp 49- 63, 1960. [14]. Fritz, W., Berechnung des Maximal volumens von Dampfblasen. Phys. Z. 36, 379384, 1935. [15]. Y. Han C, Griffith P. 1965 "The Mechanism of Heat Transfer in Nucleate Pool Boiling". Int J Heat Mass Trans 1965;8:887–914. [16]. Wen DS and Wang BX. 2002, "Effects of Surface Wettability on Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer for Surfactant Solutions". Int J Heat Mass Trans; 45:1739–47, 2002.
K. M. K. Pasha "Investigating the Effects of Bubble Distribution on the Heat Transfer in a Nucleate Pool Boiling of Surfactant Solution " International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.54-71 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/54-71.pdf
The enormous growth and human societies development were always synchronized with some buildings activities that lead to compelled the mutual influence between architecture and other specialties, on the other hand, the mandatory consequence to development and growth was the increase in worldwide energy consumption& waste and emissions of greenhouse gases arising from burning of fossil fuels to generate energy that leads to climate change and global warming. The concept of nature friendly buildings idea arose with efficient buildings energy wise, the negative designs, Zero Energy, zero Carbon, zero waste buildings and green buildings are different definitions but all have common dominator which is the establishment of new designs and construction techniques with high consideration to environmental and economic challenges that affected life in different topics at current time. Consequently, this research aimed to obtain local standards for design treatments applicable in Triple Zero Buildings with applications of high flexibility leading to architectural composition to consume the minimum possible energy with integrated effective systems, lower carbon emissions and lower production of waste. And measuring how close the building is to real Triple Zero Building.
- Page(s): 72-80
- Date of Publication: 07 November 2019
- Marwa Ahmed MostafaArchitecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering
- Prof. Dr. Ehab Mahmoud OkbaArchitecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering
- Dr. Rabab Salah Mohammed Architecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering
References
[1]. Howlett, Robert J., Lakhmi C. Jain, and Shaun H. Lee. 2010. Sustainability in Energy and Buildings. Dordrecht: Springer. [2]. Technology Review. (March/April 2014). Bullis, K. A Zero-Emissions City in the Desert. Volume: 112, Issue 2. [3]. Technology Review. (March/April 2014). Bullis, K. A Zero-Emissions City in the Desert. Volume: 112, Issue 2. [4]. Vierra, Stephanie. "Green Building Standards and Certification Systems." Green Building Standards and Certification Systems. October 27, 2014. Accessed February 09, 2018. [5]. Al-Balushi, Fawzia Hassan, (2013), UAE Environment and Problems, Environment: Volume 42/1, Vol. 3, Seminar on Culture and Arts, United Arab Emirates. [6]. Thomas, W. D., & Duffy, J. J. (2013). Energy performance of net-zero and near net-zero energy homes in New England. Energy and Buildings, 67, 551–558. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.08.047 [7]. Ma, Z., Cooper, P., Daly, D., &Ledo, L. (2012). Existing building retrofits: Methodology and state-of-the-art. Energy and Buildings, 55, 889–902. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.08.018 [8]. Reda, F., Tuominen, P., Hedman, Å., & Ibrahim, M. G. E. (2015). Low-energy residential buildings in New Borg El Arab: Simulation and survey based energy assessment. Energy and Buildings, 93, 65–82. http://doi.org/10.1016/j [9]. Rodriguez-Ubinas, E., Rodriguez, S., Voss, K., &Todorovic, M. S. (2014). Energy efficiency evaluation of zero energy houses. Energy and Buildings, 83, 23–35. http://doi.org/10.1016/j [10]. Nady, R.(2014).The Integration between Sustainability and Ecoresorts. Dissertation of the degree of Master in Architectural Engineering and Environmental Design. Unpublished thesis to the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport. [11]. Abdelall M., Baker A., Mohamed Abdel-Aziz F. (2012). “Water Management in Existing Residential Buildings in Egypt; Grey-water Systems” Published Research Paper, Architectural Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, at IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2012, USA. [12]. Mohamed, Abdel-Aziz F., 2013. “An Ecological Residential Buildings Management” Published M.Sc. Thesis, Architectural and environmental Design Department, College of Engineering & Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, July, 2011. (Published at lap Lambert Academic Publishing. ISBN: 978-3- 8484-8081-4, www.get-morebooks.com, [13]. Vancouver.com http://www.vancitybuzz.com/image.php?src=http://www.vancitybuzz.com/wp [14]. Xinhua, “Intelligent Recycling Machine Starts Service in Beijing Subway Line 10”, http://english.sina.com/china/p/2017/.html [15]. Lee, W. L. 2013. A comprehensive review of metrics of building environmental assessment schemes. Energy and Buildings 62: 403-413. [16]. http://inhabitat.com/bird-island-by-graft-lab [17]. http://www.ruralzcd.com [18]. MarcieMeditch - AIA & Mike Binder – Assoc. AIA, LEED-AP
Marwa Ahmed Mostafa, Prof. Dr. Ehab Mahmoud Okba, Dr. Rabab Salah Mohammed "Propose a Checklist to Evaluate the Triple Zero Buildings" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.72-80 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/72-80.pdf
Green architecture, sustainable buildings, environmentally friendly, and other terms have recently become popular in the construction fields among both professionals and non-professionals. Although it is mostly needed and highly feasible, the application of these ideas is not yet at the same level of popularity in Egypt. The aim of this research is to propose a method to be used in solving the energy problem and carbon emissions in the building sector in Egypt. Since it is concerned with the existing building stock, the methodology will be addressing retrofitting strategies not new design strategies. The research utilizes energy and carbon simulation to validate its initial assumptions and to test the feasibility of the proposed guideline. The final outcome of the research is a method that combines both design treatments and renewable energy strategies that suit the Egyptian context and potential to convert existing buildings to ZEB & ZCB buildings. The study starts with the defining ZEB, ZCB, concept to familiarize the reader with its different aspects. The empirical part of the study utilizes simulation to validate the proposed guideline by applying it on an already existing residential building. The detailed steps of converting an already existing residential building to zero-energy & zero-carbon building are the final outcome of the research.
- Page(s): 81-87
- Date of Publication: 07 November 2019
- Marwa Ahmed Mostafar Architecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering, Egypt
- Prof. Dr. Ehab Mahmoud Okba Architecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering, Egypt
- Dr. Rabab Salah Mohammed Architecture Department, Fayoum University/ Faculty of Engineering, Egypt
References
[1]. Lu, J., Vecchi, G. A., &Reichler, T. (2016). Geophysical Research Letters. U.S.: American Geophysical Union. [2]. Roland Berger. (2013). Trend Compodium 2030. Roland Berger Strategy Consultants. [3]. IPCC “Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change”. (2014). Assessment Report Four: The Physical Science Basis viewed October 17 2017 http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-wg1.htm [4]. Eehc. (2018). Annual Report 2017/2018. Retrieved from http://www.moee.gov.eg/english_new/EEHC_Rep/REP-EN2013-2014.pdf [5]. Attia, S., Hamdy, M., O’Brien, W., & Carlucci, S. (2013). Assessing gaps and needs for integrating building performance optimization tools in net zero energy buildings design. Energy and Buildings, 60, 110–124. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.01.016 [6]. Attia, S., Hamdy, M., O’Brien, W., & Carlucci, S. (2013). Assessing gaps and needs for integrating building performance optimization tools in net zero energy buildings design. Energy and Buildings, 60, 110–124. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.01.016 [7]. Anna Joanna Marszal. 2015, Zero Energy Building (ZEB) definitions - A literature review and Per Heiselberg, p5 [8]. Torcellini, P., et al., Zero energy buildings: a critical look at the definition. National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Department of Energy, US, 2016. [9]. Fufa, S.M., et al., A Norwegian ZEB Definition Guideline. 2016: zeb.no. [10]. Thomas, W. D., & Duffy, J. J. (2013). Energy performance of net-zero and near net-zero energy homes in New England. Energy and Buildings, 67, 551–558. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.08.047 [11]. Ma, Z., Cooper, P., Daly, D., &Ledo, L. (2012). Existing building retrofits: Methodology and state-of-the-art. Energy and Buildings, 55, 889–902. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.08.018 [12]. Reda, F., Tuominen, P., Hedman, Å., & Ibrahim, M. G. E. (2015). Low-energy residential buildings in New Borg El Arab: Simulation and survey based energy assessment. Energy and Buildings, 93, 65–82. http://doi.org/10.1016/j [13]. Rodriguez-Ubinas, E., Rodriguez, S., Voss, K., &Todorovic, M. S. (2014). Energy efficiency evaluation of zero energy houses. Energy and Buildings, 83, 23–35. http://doi.org/10.1016/j [14]. Nady, R.(2014).The Integration between Sustainability and Ecoresorts. Dissertation of the degree of Master in Architectural Engineering and Environmental Design. Unpublished thesis to the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport. [15]. Abdelall M., Baker A., Mohamed Abdel-Aziz F. (2012). “Water Management in Existing Residential Buildings in Egypt; Grey-water Systems” Published Research Paper, Architectural Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, at IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2012, USA. [16]. Mohamed, Abdel-Aziz F., 2013. “An Ecological Residential Buildings Management” Published M.Sc. Thesis, Architectural and environmental Design Department, College of Engineering & Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, July, 2011. (Published at lap Lambert Academic Publishing. ISBN: 978-3- 8484-8081-4, www.get-morebooks.com, [17]. Vancouver.com http://www.vancitybuzz.com/image.php?src=http://www.vancitybuzz.com/wp
Marwa Ahmed Mostafa, Prof. Dr. Ehab Mahmoud Okba, Dr. Rabab Salah Mohammed "Achieving Zero Energy & Zero Carbon Buildings through Design Treatments Residential Buildings Using PV Panels" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.81-87 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/81-87.pdf
Design of ferroconcrete structures is ruled by the nonlinear manner of concrete and by its completely different strengths in tension and compression. The aim of this text is to show a computational process for optimum theoretical design of reinforced concrete structures, supported topology optimization with elastic-plastic material modeling. Concrete and steel are both considered as elastic-plastic materials, also the acceptable yield criteria and post-yielding response. The same process is applied also for topology optimization of alternative material compositions where nonlinear response should be considered. Optimized distribution of material is achieved by introducing interpolation rules for the each; elastic and plastic material properties. Many numerical models illustrate the capability and potential of the planned process.
- Page(s): 88-96
- Date of Publication: 08 November 2019
- Prof. Mostafa Hasan Kotb Professor, Civil Engineering Dep., Structural Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt
- Prof. Amin Saleh Aly Professor, Civil Engineering Dep., Structural Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
- Eng. Khaled Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ph.D. Student, Civil Engineering Dep., Structural Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt
References
[1]. M. K. Dr. Gupta and K. Sarkar, "Neural network model for the cost optimization design of a singly reinforced RCC beam," 2005. [2]. M. Leps, "Multi-objective optimization of reinforced concrete frames," Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 30May - 03 June 2005. [3]. S. A. Babiker, A. M. Fathelrahman and M. E. Abdelrahman, "Design optimization of reinforced concrete beams using artificial neural network," Oct 2012. [4]. T. Antonio and M. Pascual, Shape and size optimization of concrete shells, Cartagena, Campus Muralla del Mar: Engineering Structures, March 2010. [5]. A. Guerra and P. D. Kiousis, "Design optimization of reinforced concrete structures," 2006. [6]. Q. Wang, W.-l. Qiu and S.-l. Xu, "Structural optimization of steel cantilever used in concrete box girder bridge widening," Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning China, Jun, 2015. [7]. R. Blažek, M. Novák and P. Roun, "Scia engineer MOOT: automatic optimization of civil engineering structures," NemetschekScia, Belgium, 2005. [8]. R. J. Balling and X. Yao, "Optimization of reinforced concrete frames," in J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 123(2), 1997. [9]. V. R. Rao, N. G. R. Iyengar and S. S. Rao, "Optimization of wing structures to satisfy strength and frequency requirement," 1977. [10]. G. P. McCormick and A. V. Fiacco, "The sequential unconstrained minimization technique for nonlinear Programming Aprimal-Dual method," 1964. [11]. N. G. R. Iyengar and S. K. Gupta, Programming methods in structural design, 1980: Edward Arnold Pub.Ltd. (UK). [12]. R. Katarya, Optimization of multi-cellur wings under strength and vibrational constraints for simple loading, M Tech Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 1973.
Prof. Mostafa Hasan Kotb, Prof. Amin Saleh Aly, Eng. Khaled Muhammad Ali Muhammad "Effective Structural System for the Affordable Housing Construction" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.88-96 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/88-96.pdf
With current uprising in the cost of construction of modern building and bridges in developing nations, owing to the sudden rise in the price of construction materials especially cements commonly used as binder of other materials and the frequent reports of building collapse in most of our urban cities have necessitated the need to investigate alternative source of binder or reinforcement of cements based sandcrete using some common agricultural by product. In the study, we investigate the use of sugar cane baggase ash as a possible replacement or partial replacement of the spontaneous binding medium(cement) in the production of cement based sandcrete. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash calcined at temperature between 550oC and 600oC were mixed with commercial Portland cements like Dangote, Elephant and Sokoto cements at different percentage up to 50% partial substitution. The resulting mixtures were subsequently used to mould sandcrete block. Strength analysis of the blocks produced maximum strength of 5.8 N/mm2, 4.7 N/mm2and 4.2 N/mm2 for samples from Dangote, Elephant and Sokoto cements respectively, after 91 days curing period as against 1.75 N/mm2 minimum strength set by Nigerian National Building code (2006). Compressive strength analysis of Sandcrete blocks produced after 28 days curing period showed a maximum and minimum compressional strength of 3.6 N/mm2 and 2.7 N/mm2 for Dangote, 3.9 N/mm2 and 2.3 N/mm2 for Elephant and 4.3 N/mm2 and 1.9 N/mm2 for Sokoto Cements, values considered better when compared with the minimum standard of 1.75 N/mm2 recommended by the Nigerian National Building code (2006) for individual blocks and 2.0N/mm2 by British Standard for non-load bearing walls, thus making introduction of this waste material a potential way of economic cost reduction in the production of cement based sandcrete.
- Page(s): 97-102
- Date of Publication: 08 November 2019
- Adamu, A. T.Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, P. M. B. 54 Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
- Jimoh. A.Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, P. M. B. 54 Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
- Azeez O. S.Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, P. M. B. 54 Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
- Yusuf O. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, P. M. B. 54 Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
References
[1]. Adegoroye, B. (2010). “Disaster Everywhere”. Daily Sun Newspapers, Available in http://www.dailysunnewspaperonline.com/webpages/news/national/2006/mar/25/national – 25 – 03 – 2006 - 006.html. Retrieved on 27/March/2013. [2]. American System Test Method for Compressive Strength (ASTM) C 109, (2001). Standard Test .Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic CementMortars (using 2-in. or (50-mm) cube specimens). Annual Book of ASTM Standards,04(01): 83 - 88. [3]. BirkuHailu, AdebeDinku Application of Sugar cane Bagasse Ash as Partial Cement Replacement Material. [4]. Cordeiro, G. C., Toledo-filho, R. D., Fairbairn, E. M. R. (2010).“Ultrafine Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash: High Potential Pozzolanic Material for Tropical Countries” Ibracon Structures and Material Journal, 3(1): 20 - 40. [5]. Ganesan , K., Rajagopal , K. and Thangavel, K. (2007). Evaluation of Bagasse Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Material. Cement and Concrete Composites, 29(6):515 –524. [6]. (Kilicaslan, Sarac, Ozdemı´r, Ermis, 1999; Sugar Cane as an Alternative Energy Source for Turkey. Energy Conversion and Management, 40: 1 – 11. [7]. Lafarge Cement (WAPCO) (2009). “Providing Basic Housing Need” A Quarterly Bulletin of the First Securities Discount House, Limited (FSDH). [8]. Oyewande B (1992) A search for quality construction industry Builders Magazine June/July edn., Lagos, Nigeria. [9]. Zakariya M., Albadan B. A., Abolarin M. S., Olutoye M.A.(2005), “Partial replacement ofOrdinary Portland cement with Bambara Ground nut shell ash in concrete”. Leonardo Electronic journal of practices and technologies. Issue 6, January-June 2005
Adamu, A. T., Jimoh. A., Azeez O. S. Yusuf O. "Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement and Reinforcement of Cement Based Sandcrete" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.97-102 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/97-102.pdf
This study modeled the effect of biochar on soil polluted with petroleum using plantain peel to prepare the biochar by method of local pyrolysis. The soil was collected from an agricultural farm land; it was polluted with petroleum product and mixed properly to achieve proper contamination. A total of five (5) microcosms was setup which included two (2) controls, one containing soil alone and the other containing soil and petroleum (polluted) while the other three (3) included polluted soil containing biochar. The microcosm containing polluted soil with biochar was kept moist by exposure to atmospheric condition for remediation process to take place. Each microcosm was taken to the laboratory after every two weeks for a total of six weeks. The samples were analyzed and results documented, the biochar material was also analyzed to determine its physicochemical properties. The results for T.N show that at the unpolluted stage the soil sample was 0.17, but at pollution level it moved to 2.36 while the biochar is 4.59. At remediation with plantain peel-biochar, T.N was 2.06 close to its natural level and increased at 42 days to 2.21. The analysis for pH shows that at the unpolluted stage the soil sample was neutral, but at pollution its pH level moved towards the Acidic to a pH of 6.0, the biochar itself was having a pH of 8.2. When applied to the polluted soil the pH level at 42 days increased to 8.0 which was close to its natural state. Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) was constantly increasing, this is because of its high content in the material. HUB is required so as to reduce the carbon content, bacterial necessary for self-remediation was reduced to the state of pollution, plantain - peel biochar when applied to the soil started restoring these bacterial. The results obtained when compared with the results of the controls proved that petroleum when in contact with the soil can reduce most of its physicochemical properties. Therefore, the use of plantain peel biochar to enhance petroleum biodegradation in the soil could be one of the severally sought bioremediation strategies of remediating natural environment contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
- Page(s):103-108
- Date of Publication: 13 November 2019
- Arimieari, L.W. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
- Ezeilo, F.E. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
References
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Arimieari, L.W. and Ezeilo, F.E. "Effect of Plantain Peel Biochar on Physicochemical Properties of Soil Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbon" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.103-108 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/103-108.pdf
This study considered the effect of biochar on soil polluted with petroleum using maize husk to prepare the biochar by method of local pyrolysis. The soil was collected from an agricultural farm land; it was polluted with petroleum product and mixed properly to achieve proper contamination. Five replicates were setup which included two (2) controls, one containing soil alone and the other containing soil and petroleum (polluted) while the other three (3) included polluted soil containing biochar. The replicates containing polluted soil with biochar were kept moist by exposure to atmospheric condition for remediation processes to take place leading to the eventual removal of these petroleum hydrocarbons. The bioremediation experiments were carried out after every two weeks for a period of six weeks under laboratory conditions. The results for pH showed that at the unpolluted stage the soil sample was neutral, but at pollution its pH level was 6.5, the biochar itself was having a pH of 7.4. When applied to the biochar amended soil the pH level at 42 days increased to 7.2 which was close to its natural state. It was observed that the hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) was constantly increasing ranging from 5.1 × 104 at unamended contaminated level to 3.36 × 106 (14 days), 4.51 ×107 (28 days) and 2.95 ×108 (42 days) due to its high content in the material. The results showed that the soil amendment with biochar enhanced the petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation in comparison with the unamended contaminated soil. Therefore, the maize husk biochar proved to be adequate as potential agent for bioremediation processes of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
- Page(s): 109-114
- Date of Publication: 13 November 2019
- Arimieari, L.W.Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
- Woyo, W. N.Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
References
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Arimieari, L.W. and Woyo, W. N. "Effect of Maize Husk Biochar on Physicochemical Properties of Petroleum Polluted Soil" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 10, October 2019, pp.109-114 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue10/109-114.pdf