Simulation is the most effective tool in conducting a study of line balancing. By using a simulation software, we can view the results very quickly which helps in taking the big decisions. The bottlenecks of the system can be easily identified with simulation. This study focuses to meet the targeted throughput for the maximum demand of the customer. A simulation tool is used to carry out the analysis of the current system and improvements are suggested by conducting various experiments. The aim is to balance the line by reducing the losses or to suggest the alternate ways to achieve the targeted throughput of the system. A small-scale industry is selected where the customer demands for peak requirement are not met. In simulation, the study of bottle-necks present in the system are identified and solutions are given to minimize them as possible. The bottle necks are identified by studying machine utilization statistics, Queue parts statistics. System throughput is monitored for every experiment.
- Page(s): 01-10
- Date of Publication: 14 July 2019
- Shreyas S. DeshpandePG Student, Industrial Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
- Prof. H. M. ThakurAdjunct Faculty, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
References
[1]. William G. Sullivan, Thomas N. McDonald, Eileen M. Van Aken “Equipment Replacement Decision and Lean Manufacturing”June–August 2002. [2]. Fawaz A. Abdulmalek, JayantRajgopal”Analysing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation” May 2007. [3]. FabriceAlizon, Yves Dallery, ImenEssafi”Optimising Material Handling Costs in An Assembly Workshop”, International journal of Production Research,13 May 2009 . [4]. Gordan C, Armour, Elwood S. Buffa”A Heuristic Algorithm and Simulation Approach to Relative Location of Facilities” journal of Management Science Vol 9, Jan 1963. [5]. Foulds L. R.”A Strategy for Solving the Plant Layout Problems”, Operation Research Journal, 1977. [6]. Wallace J. Hopp, Seyed M.R. Iravani, BiyingShou, Robert Lien.“Design and Control of Agile Automated CONWIP Production Lines”, 16 December 2008 [7]. Dynamic Reentrant Scheduling Simulation for Assembly and Test Production Line in Semiconductor Industry AijunLiua , Yu Yangb , Xuedong Liang, Minghua Zhu, Hao Yao State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China [8]. A Simulation Study on Production Logistics Balance Based on Petri Net + FlexsimZhiwang Qian1, a, Haitao Sun2, b 1 University of Shanghai for Science & Technology, Shanghai ,200093,China 2 Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, Shanghai ,200093,China [9]. V. Selladurai, P. Aravindan, R. Satheesan. Development of a computer simulator for dynamic scheduling of FMS to achieve optimal performance. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Volume 12, Number 2, March 1996, Pages: 145 - 152. Springer London. [10]. Tea Y. Park, Kwan H. Han, Byoung K. Choi. An object-oriented modelling framework for automated manufacturing system. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 10, Number 5 / September 1, 1997. Pages 324-334.Taylor & Francis. [11]. Bos V.1, Kleijn J.J.T. Automatic verification of a manufacturing system. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 17, Number 3, June 2001, pp. 185-198(14). Elsevier Science. [12]. Shigeki Umeda, lbert Jones. Simulation in Japan: State-of-the-Art Update. Web reference: http://www.mel.nist.gov/msidlibrary/doc/survey.htm [13]. Susumu Morito, Tomohiro Takano, HisanobuMizukawa, Kiyohisa Mizoguchi. Design and analysis of a flexible manufacturing system with simulation — effects of flexibility on FMS performance. Proceedings of the 23rd conference on Winter simulation, Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 1991. Pages: 294
Shreyas S. Deshpande, Prof. H. M. Thakur "Line Balancing and Throughput Improvement Using Simulation Software" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.01-10 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/01-10.pdf
Simulation software is basically used to identify the bottlenecks in the industries. Simulation is basically visual representation of a working model which predicts us the behaviour of the model which we can relate to the real life scenario, also simulation can tell us the existing productivity & from which we can make some experiments in the model to improve the productivity. The main advantage of the simulation is we can make any changes in the existing model which is very difficult to change physically. If we get improved results by doing such experiments then we can change the layout or locations of machines in real life scenario. A small-scale industry is selected where the customer demands for peak requirement are not met. The study is conducted by using a simulation software (Flexsim). In simulation, the study of bottle-necks present in the industry are identified and solutions are given to minimize them as much as possible. The bottle necks are identified by studying machine utilization statistics, Queue parts statistics. System throughput is monitored for every experiment. After taking some experiments the results are improved as compare to existing results.
- Page(s): 11-16
- Date of Publication: 16 July 2019
- Mandar S. AundhakarPG Student, Industrial Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
- Prof. H. M. Thakur Adjunct Faculty, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
References
[1]. Foulds L. R.”A Strategy for Solving the Plant Layout Problems”, Operation Research Journal, 1977. [2]. Balamurugan K., V Selladurai, B. Ilamathi”Design and Optimization of Facilities Layout “ [3]. Wallace J. Hopp, Seyed M.R. Iravani, BiyingShou, Robert Lien.“Design and Control of Agile Automated CONWIP Production Lines”, 16 December 2008. [4]. E. Andrés-Lópeza, I. González-Requenaa, A. Sanz-Loberaa “Lean Service: Reassessment of Lean Manufacturing for Service Activities” 2015. [5]. Abdullah Alkhoraif ⇑ , Patrick McLaughlin “Lean implementation within manufacturing SMEs in Saudi Arabia: Organizational culture aspects” 12 April 2018. [6]. William G. Sullivan, Thomas N. McDonald, Eileen M. Van Aken “Equipment Replacement Decision and Lean Manufacturing”June–August 2002. [7]. Fawaz A. Abdulmalek, JayantRajgopal”Analysing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation” May 2007. [8]. X. Zhu , R. Zhang, F. Chu , Z. He and J. Li5 “A Flexsim-based Optimization for the Operation Process of ColdChain Logistics Distribution Centre.” 12 April 2014. [9]. Li-Hong CHENa , Da-Wei HUa , Ting XUa “Highway freight terminal facilities allocation based on flexsim” 2013. [10]. Valentin Munteanua , Anca Ștefănigă “Lean manufacturing in SMEs in Romania.” 2018. [11]. D. Mourtzis* , P. Papathanasiou, S. Fotia “Lean Rules Identification and Classification for Manufacturing Industry.” 2016. [12]. Erol Gelenbe and Hatim Guennouni “FLEXSIM: A flexible manufacturing system simulator.” [13]. Fabrice Alizon, Yves Dallery, ImenEssafi”Optimising Material Handling Costs in An Assembly Workshop”, International journal of Production Research,13 May 2009 . [14]. Gordan C, Armour, Elwood S. Buffa”A Heuristic Algorithm and Simulation Approach to Relative Location of Facilities” journal of Management Science Vol 9, Jan 1963.
Mandar S. Aundhakar, Prof. H. M. Thakur "Productivity Improvement Using Modeling and Simulation Techniques Using Flexsim" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.11-16 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/11-16.pdf
Improving the quality of products being manufactured and enhancing the productivity is the utmost importance in today’s global competition. This could be achieved by addressing the bottlenecks present in the manufacturing process as well in the layout. This project aims at optimizing the layout of piston manufacturing unit of menon piston limited Kolhapur. It is done by carrying out a detailed study to find out bottlenecks in the existing layout and suggest corrective measures to them. Various tools statistical quality control, flow process charts, flexsim software are used. The layout is optimized by first building and validating the simulation model of existing layout, followed by creating proposed layouts based on the various alternatives found for the bottlenecks and validating them. Alternatives or corrective measures are decided by making use of statistical tools like brainstorming and flowchart. Simulated results ate then compared with existing results so as to find the optimized layout. It is also intended to carry out the cost analysis so as to know the economic impact of implementation of proposed changes in the piston manufacturing unit.
- Page(s): 17-24
- Date of Publication: 16 July 2019
- Siddesh S. Parit PG Student, Industrial Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
- Prof. H. M. Thakur Adjunct Faculty, Department of Production Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
References
[1]. Fawaz A. Abdulmalek, JayantRajgopal”Analysing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation” May 2007. [2]. FabriceAlizon, Yves Dallery, ImenEssafi”Optimising Material Handling Costs in An Assembly Workshop”, International journal of Production Research,13 May 2009 [3]. . William G. Sullivan, Thomas N. McDonald, Eileen M. Van Aken “Equipment Replacement Decision and Lean Manufacturing”June–August 2002. [4]. Gordan C, Armour, Elwood S. Buffa”A Heuristic Algorithm and Simulation Approach to Relative Location of Facilities” journal of Management Science Vol 9, Jan 1963. [5]. Foulds L. R.”A Strategy for Solving the Plant Layout Problems”, Operation Research Journal, 1977. [6]. Wallace J. Hopp, Seyed M.R. Iravani, BiyingShou, Robert Lien.“Design and Control of Agile Automated CONWIP Production Lines”, 16 December 2008 [7]. Dynamic Reentrant Scheduling Simulation for Assembly and Test Production Line in Semiconductor Industry AijunLiua , Yu Yangb , Xuedong Liang, Minghua Zhu, Hao Yao State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China [8]. A Simulation Study on Production Logistics Balance Based on Petri Net + Flexsim Zhiwang Qian1, a, Haitao Sun2, b 1 University of Shanghai for Science & Technology, Shanghai ,200093,China 2 Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, Shanghai ,200093,China [9]. V. Selladurai, P. Aravindan, R. Satheesan. Development of a computer simulator for dynamic scheduling of FMS to achieve optimal performance. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Volume 12, Number 2, March 1996, Pages: 145 - 152. Springer London. [10]. Tea Y. Park, Kwan H. Han, Byoung K. Choi. An object-oriented modelling framework for automated manufacturing system. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 10, Number 5 / September 1, 1997. Pages 324-334.Taylor & Francis. [11]. Bos V.1, Kleijn J.J.T. Automatic verification of a manufacturing system. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 17, Number 3, June 2001, pp. 185-198(14). Elsevier Science. [12]. Shigeki Umeda, lbert Jones. Simulation in Japan: State-of-the-Art Update. Web reference: [13]. Susumu Morito, Tomohiro Takano, HisanobuMizukawa, Kiyohisa Mizoguchi. Design and analysis of a flexible manufacturing system with simulation — effects of flexibility on FMS performance. Proceedings of the 23rd conference on Winter simulation, Phoenix, Arizona
Siddesh S. Parit, Prof. H. M. Thakur "Use of Facility Planning and Plant Layout with Work Study to Check the Balance of the Manufacturing Unit of Menon Pistons Ltd." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.17-24 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/17-24.pdf
Ardeshir Godrej joined the bar at Zanzibar in 1889 to practice law, where he soon found out that to win he was obliged to commit a sin. So he said enough’s is enough. He quit law looked for work and he returned to India. He Started making instruments of surgery, the technology was good, but the unseen hand of the British saw to it there was no demand for his products, so, much for British protectionism. But the indefatigable entrepreneur cast his eyes on the lowly locks. British and American manufacturers dominated the market but there was a flaw in their products, their springs used to not work, and the levers, often gave way. Borrowing money he began making anchor locks, which didn’t have springs. They were a success in the market. Exposing chink in the foreign made safes, which rendered them unreliable, he started manufacturing safes; He patented the door frame, double plate doors, and lock case, and sold the safes at half the price of foreign brands. Even the Queen, while on a tour of India in 1912, availed of the services of a Godrej safe.
- Page(s): 25-26
- Date of Publication: 17 July 2019
- Dr. Madivalappa B. HuliAdjunct Professor, Chetan Business School, Hubli, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-news/as-safe-as-godrej/article9000219.ece
Dr. Madivalappa B. Huli "The Lock That Opened an Empire" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.25-26 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/25-26.pdf
This paper attempts to achieve smart lighting voice and text control system by using Bluetooth and Arduino UNO as a main processor. In this system used four major components which are Arduino Uno Board, HC-05 Bluetooth Module, Android Smartphone and LEDs. The system is implemented on an embedded platform & is equipped with a bluetooth module (HC-05) which gives the required input for operation. The main objective of this paper is to control the light using bluetooth module via Arduino by voice command or text command from smart phone.
- Page(s): 27-30
- Date of Publication: 18 July 2019
- Thuzar KhinFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology (MIIT), Mandalay, Myanmar
- Kyi Kyi KhaingFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology (MIIT), Mandalay, Myanmar
- Khin Thet MarFaculty of Computer System and Technology, University of Computer Studies (UCSL), Lashio Myanmar
References
[1]. L. Atzori and A. Iera and G. Morabito. The Internet of Things: A survey. Computer networks, 54(15), 2010. [2]. Miorandi D., Sicari S., Pellegrini F. De, Chlamtac I.Internet of things: Vision, applications, and research challenges Ad Hoc Netw., 10 (7) (2012), pp. 1497-1516 [3]. K. S. Sudhakar, A. A. Anil, K. C. Ashok and S.S. Bhaskar, Automatic Street Light ControlSystem, International Journal of EmergingTechnology and Advanced Engineering, Vol.3,May 2013, PP. 188-189. [4]. Satish Palaniappan, Naveen Hariharan, Naren T Kesh, VidhyalakshimiS, Angel Deborah S, "Home Automation Systems – A Study "International Journal of Computer Applications Vol. 116 , No. 11, Apr. 2015. [5]. John Boxall, " Arduino Workshop", 2013. [6]. Sagar Deo, Sachin Prakash, Asha Patil, “ Zigbee based intelligent street lighting system ”, 2014 second internationalconference on devices, circuits and systems(ICDCS). [7]. D. Naresh, B. Chakradhar, S. Krishnaveni, “Bluetooth Based Home Automatic and Security System using ARM9”, International Journal of Engineering Trend and Technology (IJETT), Vol. 4 Issue 9, Sept. 2013. [8]. SMART PHONE CONTROLLED LED LIGHTS USING HC-05 AND ARDUINO UNO https://www.instructables.com/id/Smart-Phone-Controlled-LED-Lights-Using-HC-05-and-/ [9]. REMOTE CONTROLLED LED USING HC-05 BLUETOOTH, ARDUINO AND MOBILE PHONE APP https://www.instructables.com/id/Remotely-Control-LED-using-HC-05-Bluetooth-Arduino/
Thuzar Khin, Kyi Kyi Khaing, Khin Thet Mar, "Smart lighting System by Combination of Arduino and Bluetooth" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.27-30 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/27-30.pdf
The paper presents a simple design and implementation of a Seven-Segment Displays Designs on BASYS3 Board.The purpose of this paper to practice implementation VHDL codes and performing simulations on various counter designs and implement designs on FPGA with BASYS3 board utilizing switches, LEDs, and seven-segment displays. In this paper we are going to use Pmod KYPD: 16-button Keypad. This keypad has 16 keys and they are arranged in an array of 4 rows and 4 columns. This keypad can be attached to one of the Pmod ports of FPGA board. On BASYS 3 we have 3 such ports, JA, JB and JC. Out of 12 pins, 8 are used for data and 4 for power supply.
- Page(s): 31-33
- Date of Publication: 18 July 2019
- Kyi Kyi KhaingFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar
- Thuzar KhinFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar
- Thiri NaingFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar
References
[1]. https://reference.digilentinc.com/_media/basys3:basys3_rm.pdf [2]. https://reference.digilentinc.com/learn/programmable-logic [3]. https://digilentinc.com/Pmodkypd_reference_manual.pdf
Kyi Kyi Khaing, Thuzar Khin, Thiri Naing "Implementation of a 7-segment Display on BASYS3 Board" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.31-33 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/31-33.pdf
In India, rural-urban migration has been found to be substantial in the context of urban poverty, urban slums and informal sector employment. Much of these are attributed to the rural-spills. Very often the concept of smart city is strongly related to the widespread of technology, to be more specific, mobile applications etc. completely forgetting the essence of a city with its connected problems. The real challenge of the huge population migration from rural areas to cities will be great challenge for the so called 'Smart Cities’, the cities that are moving towards modernization on account of advent of Information Technology. Given the diverse geographical and cultural characteristics of the country it is quite natural to expect that rural-urban migration rates will be varied across states and even within the states This paper is an attempt to understand the rural-to-urban migration flows with reference to Delhi, the capital city of India. The paper measures the rate of growth of population in Delhi and compare it with the other metro cities of India. It also tries to assess the states/region that majorly contribute to the migrating population in Delhi on one hand and on the other hand examines reasons for the population mobility.
- Page(s): 34-40
- Date of Publication: 19 July 2019
- Dr Indrani BhattacharjeeAssociate Professor, IMS Ghaziabad University Courses Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Subhro Sen GuptaAssistant Professor, IMS Ghaziabad University Courses Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Sanjay SharmaAssistant Professor, IMS Ghaziabad University Courses Campus, Ghaziabad, India
References
[1]. (Retrieved 11 March 2019.). "Delhi Budget Analysis 2019-20". PRS Legislative Research. [2]. Bhagat, R., & Jones, G. (May 2013). Population Change and Migration in Mumbai Metropolitan Region: Implications for Planning and Governance . Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series No. 201 , 12-13. [3]. (n.d.). Census 2011. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. [4]. Economic Survey 2016-17. (2017). India on the Move and Churning: New Evidence. [5]. Kaur, R. (Published on 2014, December 8). Issue of Migration and Migrants in Delhi. www.mapsofindia.com/my-india. [6]. Lall, , S. V., Selod, H., & Shalizi, Z. (2006.). “Rural-Urban Migration in Developing Countries: A Survey OF Theoretical Predictions and Empirical Findings.”. Development Research Group. The World Bank. [7]. Mitra, A., & Murayama, M. (2003). Rural to Urban Migration: A District Level Analysis for India. Academic Research Repository at Institute of Development Economics(IDE DISCUSSION PAPER No. 137 ). [8]. The Economic Survey of India . (2019). India Economic Snapshot. OECD Economic Outlook,Volume 2019 Issue1: Preliminary Version © OECD 2019. [9]. Times of India. (March 23, 2018). How Delhi became the migrant capital of India. Delhi: Times of India. [10]. Wikipedia. (2019). Economy of Delhi. Delhi: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [11]. World Economic Forum In collaboration with PwC. (October 2017). Migration and Its Impact on Cities. [12]. World Population Review. (2019). Delhi Population 2019. Delhi.
Dr Indrani Bhattacharjee, Subhro Sen Gupta, Sanjay Sharma "Delhi – The Migration Capital of India" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.34-40 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/34-40.pdf
This paper has presented improving the response performance of temperature control heat exchanger Process. The mathematical equations representing the dynamics of a shell and tube heat exchanger system were obtained and then modelled in MATLAB/Simulink environment. A proportional integral and derivative (PID) controller that has low pass filter (LPF) added to derivative component called (PIDF) controller was designed using the PID block of Simulink. Robust and fast tuning was performed and the gains of the PID and the coefficient of the LPF were obtained and integrated into temperature control heat exchanger loop. Simulations were conducted for unit step response considering when the designed PIDF was not in the loop (uncompensated) and when it is in the loop (compensated). The result of the uncompensated system indicated sluggish response with rise time of 72.1 seconds, settling time of 133 seconds and overshoot of 0%. In the compensated case, the step response of the outlet fluid temperature was largely improved with rise time of 9.53 seconds, settling time of 15.4 seconds and overshoot of 1.01%. This indicated that the PIDF provided a fast and better tracking response performance to unit step set point.
- Page(s): 41-44
- Date of Publication: 22 July 2019
- Ekengwu Ignatius EchezonaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
- Utu Ochuko GoodluckDepartment of Welding and Fabrication Technology, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashiuku, Nigeria
References
[1]. Khare, Y. B.; and Singh, Y. (2010). PID Control of Heat Exchanger System. International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 8, No. 6, 22-27. [2]. Padhee, S. (2014). Controller Design for Temperature Control of Heat Exchanger System: Simulation Studies. WSEA Transactions on Systems and Control, Vol. 9, 485-491. [3]. Janna, W. S. (2009). Engineering Heat Transfer. 3rd ed. Tennessee: The University of Memphis. Tennessee USA. [4]. Vaičkaninová, A.; and Bakošová, M. (2016). Robust controller design for a heat exchanger using and approaches. [5]. Serth, R.W.; and Lestina, T.G. (2014). Process Heat Transfer: Principles. Applications and Rules of Thumb. 2nd Ed. Academic Press. ISBN: 0123971950. [6]. Dulău M.; Oltean S.; Gligor, A. (2015). Conventional control vs. robust control on heat-exchangers. Procedia Technology, 19, 534-540. [7]. Emhemed, A. A. A.; Alsseid, A.; Hanafi, D. (2017). Modelling and Controller Deign for Temperature Control of Power Plant Heat Exchanger. Universal Journal of Control and Automation, Vol. 5, No. 3, 49-53. [8]. Khan, S. (2014). Modelling and Temperature Control of Heat Exchanger Process. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, Vol. 2, No.2, 66-72. [9]. Sahoo, A.; Radhakrishnam, T. K.; Rao, C. S. (2017). Modeling and Control of a Real Time Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger. Resource-Efficient Technologies, 3, 124-132. [10]. Padhee, S.; and Singh, Y. (2010). A comparative analysis of various control strategies implemented on heat exchanger system: A case study. World Congress on Engineering (WCE), London, UK, vol. 2. [11]. Srivatava, N.; Tanti, D. K.; Ahmad, Md. A. (2014). Matlab Simulation of Temperature Control of Heat Exchanger Using Different Controllers. Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems, Vol. 2, No.1, 1-5.
Ekengwu Ignatius Echezona, Utu Ochuko Goodluck "Improving the Response Performance of Temperature Control Heat Exchanger Process" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.41-44 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/41-44.pdf
Potholes pose severe problems on Nigerian roads. The aim of the study is to fabricate a walk-behind vibratory plate compactor with high performance, for the purpose of repairing potholes on pavement structures. For optimum compaction delivery by the machine on a combined asphalt and sub-grade layer, a compaction depth of 30cm was chosen as the compaction capability of the machine. Hence, the fabrication was based on achieving this compaction depth when employing the dynamic method of compaction. Owing to the fact that all needed materials necessary for the functional and apt running of the compactor was carefully selected, standard dimensions were taken where necessary, to avoid congestion and unwanted discrepancies of working parts that could lead to failure or seizure in components. Taking ergonomic suitability of the operator into consideration, the fabrication of the vibratory plate compactor not only provides the solution to the need for proper compaction of potholes, but also ensures that operator’s comfort is guaranteed. The total cost of the project which is approximately five hundred and thirty three Dollars covers the cost of materials and sub-assemblies, transportation of materials and sub-assemblies, machineries and equipment, fasteners, finishing, fueling, as well as other miscellaneous expenses. The objectives of the research such as cost effectiveness, use of locally sourced materials, and optimized ergonomics were achieved. The results gotten include; a high compaction force, minimized stresses on members, good aesthetics and body finishing, cost effectiveness, low maintenance cost, as well as optimized ergonomics.
- Page(s): 45-54
- Date of Publication: 22 July 2019
- Okpala Charles C. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Ilozor Gerald E. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Okafor Fredrick H. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Onwuegbuna Amara C.Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
References
[1]. American Public Works Association (2019), “Pothole Fact Sheet” [Online]. Accessed on 26 June 2019, from http://www2.apwa.net/Documents/About/TechSvcs/15PotHoleFactSheet.pdf [2]. Construction Industry Manufacturers Association, CIMA (1994), “Vibratory Roller Handbook” Second Edition, Wisconsin, USA [3]. Jassal, K. (1998), “Development of Potholes from Cracks in Flexible Pavements” Montreal, Canada [4]. Khurmi, S., and Gupta, J. (2005), “A Textbook of Machine Design” First Multicolour Edition, Eurasia Publishing House (PVT), New Delhi, India [5]. Marasteanu, M. (2018), “Pothole Prevention and Innovative Repair” [Online]. Accessed on 26 June 2019, from https://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/reports/2018/201814.pdf [6]. Okpala, C., Alagbu, D., Okafor, A., and Nwokeocha, T. (2019), “The Design of an Ergonomic Walk-Behind Vibratory Plate Compactor” International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, Vol. 9, iss.6 [7]. Yoder, E. (1964), “Principles of Pavement Design” John Willy and Sons, Inc., New York, USA
Okpala Charles C., Ilozor Gerald E., Okafor Fredrick H., and Onwuegbuna Amara C. "The Fabrication of a Walk-Behind Vibratory Plate Compactor " International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.45-54 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/45-54.pdf
In an effort to determine the studentsintake and the need for adequate infrastructure, space allocation, personnel, as well as accruing revenue planning, a forecast of three academic sessions of 2019, 2020 and 2021, was made for a department within a university. The daunting challenge posed by this lack of information to the various heads of departments could lead to unplanned expenditure and policy summersault. The admission list of students for the Industrial/Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka admission unit for eleven consecutive years, was used as a test case for the analysis. The ordinary least square approach was used to determine the expected number of students’ intake for the succeeding years under review. The result of time series decomposition analysis showed that approximately 45, 39, and 43 students should be admittedfir 2018/2019, 2019/2020, and 2020/2021 academic sessions respectively. The Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 7.942 and 16.318 respectively were also obtained as forecast performance accuracy measures to validate the results. The adoption of the research findings by the relevant authorities in the university will lead to mot just proper manpower planning, but also efficient capacity building.
- Page(s): 55-63
- Date of Publication: 22 July 2019
- Ezeanyim O. C. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Okpala C. C. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Ezeliora, D. C. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Aguh P. S. Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
References
[1]. Abazid, M. and Alkoud, D. (2019): “A Least-Squares Approach to Prediction the Future Sales of Pharmacy” International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering [2]. Ezeliora, C., Okoye, U.,Umeh, M., Mbeledeogu, N. (2014),“Application of Forecasting Methods for the Estimation of Production Demand” International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 2 [3]. Pavelescu, F. (2004), “Features of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Method. Implications for the Estimation Methodology” Roman Journal of Economic Forecast, no.2 [4]. Sulaimon, O. (2015): “Application of Weighted Least Square Regression in Forecasting” International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS), Vol. 2, Issue 3 [5]. Taylor, M.,Schurle, B.Rundel, B. and Wilson, B. (2014), “Determining Land Values Using Ordinary Least Squares Regression" [6]. Telsang, M. (2003),“Industrial Engineering and Production Management” S. Chand and Company Publishing Limited, New Delhi, India
Ezeanyim O. C., Okpala C. C., Ezeliora, D. C., Aguh P. S."Estimation of Departmental Students’ Intake for Capacity Building and Manpower Planning" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.55-63 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/55-63.pdf
India is an agriculture-based country, where 58% of the population is based on agriculture for their livelihood. Indian agriculture sector accounts for 18% of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment to about 50% of the country’s workforce. In most of the developing countries, women constitute as one of the important sources of farm power. Among all agricultural activities, weeding is predominantly the responsibility of women. Weeds are unwanted plants that grow in various fields and gardens, these weeds must be removed for proper cultivation of crops Off late, different types of weeders are being developed in India. These weeders are helpful for weeding in agricultural activities. Weeding by manually operated weeders increase the efficiency of workers and the productivity of work. Manual weeding requires huge labor force and accounts for about 25 per cent of the total labor requirement, which is usually 900 to 1200 man-hours/hectare per year (Nag and Dutta, 1979). In India, this operation is mostly performed manually with cutlass or hoe that requires high labor input. Many weeding implements have been developed, amongst which are the traditional hoes, spades and the cutlasses. Their effectiveness is still very low with high-energy demand. The average energy demand of the traditional tillage hoe ranges from 7 to 9.5kJ/min when compared with 4.5 kJ/min (75 watts) which is optimum limit of continuous energy output of man (Nwuba,1981). In India, the annual loss due to weeds in food grains is about 82 million tons (P. K. Singh, 2013). A Wheel hoe is a mechanical device used by farmers forplugging, weeding and cultivating. It was invented by a horse farm tools manufacturer Planet, in the year 1890. The aim of our project is to design and develop a semi-automated multipurpose agricultural wheel hoe to use of various agricultural operations in single equipment. Very few Indian farmers have Tractors; but not all the farmers can afford a tractor. An alternative for tractor is the power tillers, which is also expensive. There exists another alternative called wheel hoe. It is manual driven equipment used for agricultural operations. Moreover, the labor requirement for weeding depends on weed flora, weed intensity, time of weeding, and soil moisture at the time of weeding and efficiency of worker. Behera and Swain (2005) reported that manually operated weeders have found acceptability due to their low cost. The performance of the weeders as well as the operator vastly depends on the design of the weeders. A weeder if designed without considering human capabilities will fail to deliver the desired result and will be finally rejected by the worker. The possible outcomes of this project are: The working efficiency is set to increase with the reduced power to weight ratio. Reduced cost with reliable performance output. People with different physics can be accommodated on this equipment. Required amount of load can be applied downwards leading to the better plowing of land. Maximum land is supposed to be ploughed at a single stretch. The main aim of our project is to design and fabrication of multipurpose agricultural equipment, we have designed a model running with fuel and also easy to operate for a user. In this equipment we find that we have simply used a sprocket mounted on rear shaft which will carry the loads with other two wheels. Also the assembly consists of 3 wheels out of which 1 is mounted on front and 2 are mounted as guide wheel at rear end. A sprocket is mounted on rear side exactly at the centre of shaft. By pulling the sprocket on shaft that will generate enough torque required. It consists of cultivator, weed remover and a plough. A plough tool is attached to the bottom of the frame. When we move the complete assembly, ploughing at required distance can be carried out. It helps small scale farmers to save the time and labour. This type of a tadpole configuration gives another feature to add a comfort zone so that a farmer can sit over the engine. This saves much of manpower and the same energy can be utilized to cultivate a larger area in shorter time. The main intention of transforming conventional wheel hoe to a motorized one is to provide farmers having a low land holding of about 1 to 2 acre the accessibility to carry out agricultural activities at a reduced cost that allows farmers to save on their expenses and add profit to their work. This reduction in expenses would eventually reduce the cost of agricultural products. Feature of changing the plough distance with respect to required cropping is supported by just fastening the bolts and nuts along with equipment. Cultivating the land by applying no physical efforts by the farmer helps to maintain the health and do more work. Motorizing is beneficial in both the ways of reduced land cultivation time and quantity of fuel consumption per acre of land. This portable product is designed to its maximum optimal functioning at a very lost cost of 15000 INR this is six times cheaper compared to purchasing of one mini tractor.
- Page(s): 64-70
- Date of Publication: 23 July 2019
- Madhu. R Assistant Prof, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIE-IT, Mysuru, India
- Veeresh Amaragatti Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIE-IT, Mysuru, India.
- Arkesh Prasad Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIE-IT, Mysuru, India.
- Madhu A Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIE-IT, Mysuru, India.
References
[1]. ROTARY HOE WHEEL, a paper by J.F. RUDE ETAL; Patent no:US2600332 Patent on: June.10, 1952 [2]. Wheeled Long-Handle Weeder PAPER BY: Silas O. Nkakini, and Abu Husseni [3]. MANUALLY OPERATED WEEDERPAPER BY:SinghNERIST, Nirjuli [4]. SEMI AUTOMATED MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURE WHEEL HOEPAPER BY:PRASHANTHA KUMAR S T [5]. SINGLE WHEEL HOE IN REDUCING DRUDGERYPaper by: SHILPI VERMA, SHOBHANAGUPTA AND C.P. PACHAURI [6]. Effect of twin wheel hoe on efficiency. Paper By:DeepaliBajpai.Patent no: E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 Patent on: Sept.07, 2016. [7]. WHEEL WEEDERPaper By: S, FULLER.Patent no:724,175. Patented on:Mar.31, 1903.
Madhu. R, Veeresh Amaragatti, Arkesh Prasad, Madhu A "Motorized Wheel Hoe" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.64-70 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/64-70.pdf
Small-scale construction firms (SSCFs) are the majority players in most construction industries and improvement in their performance will have a major impact in the overall performance of the construction industry and the sustainable development of a country. Many researchers had proposed various measures and support programmes, however, the outcome of the implementation have been inconsistent. Therefore, this study aims to review the available control and support measures towards improving, the performance of small-scale construction firms. The study adopted a mixed methodology involving focus group and questionnaire survey of 125 small-scale construction firms undertaking the federal government mass housing projects in the seven North-West states of Nigeria. The data was analysed using content analysis, descriptive statistics and principal component analysis (PCA). The study identified fourteen (14) measures comprising six (6) internal such as; skills and technology acquisitions, effective marketing strategy, vision and innovation and 8 external measures to be implemented by government and other stakeholders that includes, increase patronage, economic and fiscal policies that support SMEs development. The study developed a framework to guide towards improving performance and development of small-scale construction firms.
- Page(s): 71-83
- Date of Publication: 25 July 2019
- Ali, I. F. PhD student, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST),
- Prof. Awad, S.H. College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST),
- Dr. Abdulsalam, D.Department of Building, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
References
[1]. Abdullah, A., Bilau, A. A., Enegbuma, W. I., Ajagbe, A. M. and N.K. Ali, (2011), “Evaluation of Job Satisfaction and Performance of Employees in Small and Medium Sized Construction Firms in Nigeria” a paper in the proceedings of the International Conference of Construction and Project Management, of the International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology. (IACSIT), Singapore, PP. 225. [2]. Abu Bakar A.H, AbdRazak A, Yusuf M.N and AbdKarim N. (2011), “Factors Determining Growth of Companies; A Study of Construction Companies in Malaysia” a paper published in the African journal of Business Management Vol.5 (22), PP.8753-8763. [3]. Adams, O. A., (1998), “Indigenous Contractors’ Perceptions of the Importance of Topics for Contractor Training in Nigeria” a paper published in the journal of Habitat International, Vol.22, (2), PP137-147. [4]. Agboade D. (2016), the President of Council of the Nigerian Association of Small and Medium Enterprises (NASME), statement published in the Daily Trust newspaper of Monday, November 21, 2016. [5]. Ali I. F (2010), “The Effect of Non-financial Incentive Schemes on the Productivity of Artisans in the Nigerian Construction Industry” an unpublished M.sc thesis, presented to the department of building, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. [6]. Aremu M.A, Aremu M.A and Okolo A, B (2015), “Impact of Strategic Management on the Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria” a paper published in the journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, vol.17, NO.1, 2015. [7]. Bala K, Kolo B.A and Bustani S.A, “Factors Inhibiting the Growth of Local Constructions Firms in Nigeria”, a paper published in the proceedings of the 25th annual conference of ARCOM held in Albert Hall, Nottingham in September 2009, PP. 367-375. [8]. Bassioni, H.A., Price, A.D.F. and Hassan, T.M. (2005) “Building a Conceptual Framework for Measuring Business Performance in Construction: an Empirical Evaluation”, a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 23(5), P495-507. [9]. Beatham, S. (2003), “Development of an Integrated Business Improvement System for Construction”, an unpublished PhD thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, United Kingdom. [10]. Bilau, A.A Ajagbe M.A, Bustani A.S, and Sholanke A.B, (2015), “Review of Absorptive Capacity in Small and Medium Sized Construction Firms in Nigeria” a paper published in the journal of Developing Countries Studies Vol.5 (16) available in www.iiste.org. [11]. C.I.D.B, (2011). “Framework; National Contractor Development Programme” a document published by Construction Industry Development / Department of Public Works, Republic of South Africa in http/s.www.cidb.org.za in September, 2011. [12]. Dapaah A. and Musonda I. (2014), “Perceptions of Contractor Development Programme In Some Developing Countries” a paper published in the International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering vol.4, issue 10. [13]. Dethier, J., Hirn, M., and Straub, S. (2010), “Explaining Enterprise Performance in Developing Countries” with Business Climate survey data, The World Bank Research Observer, 26, 258–309. [14]. Dlungwana W.S. and Rwelamila P. (2016), “Contractor Development Models that Meet The Challenges of Globalization- a Case for Developing Management Capability of Local Contractors” a paper published by Research Gate ihttps//www.researchgate.net. [15]. Eyiah.A. (2004) “Regulation and Small Contractor Development; A case of Ghana” a Paper published by the Centre on Regulation and Competition, Institute for Development Policy and Management University of Manchester, ISBN 1-904056-79-2 in http;//idpm.man.ac.uk/crc/. [16]. Faniran, O.O. (2008), “the Role of Construction Project Planning in Improving Project delivery in Developing Countries”; Case study of the Nigerian Construction Industry, a paper published in the journal the Construction division, ASCE, 97(CO2), P177-187. [17]. Fasola B. (2016), The Minister of Power, Works and Housing in a statement published by http//www.premiumtimes.com. [18]. Fatai A., (2011), “Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria”; the Problems and Prospects, a paper published in the Asian journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 13, and P.12-23 [19]. Fox P.W (2003), “Construction Industry Development; Analysis and Synthesis of Contributing Factors” an unpublished PhD thesis, submitted to the School of Construction Management and Property, Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology. [20]. Gunhan, S., and Arditi, D. (2005), “Factors affecting International Construction” a paper Published in the journal of Construction Engineering and Management Vol. 131(3), PP.273–282. [21]. Hauptfleisch, D., Lazarus, S., Knoetze, T., & Liebenberg, S. (2007). An Integrated Emerging Contractor Development Model for the Construction Industry: Practical Implementation and Statistical Quantification: 1-3. [22]. Kagioglou, M., Cooper, R. and Aouad, G. (2001) “Performance Management in Construction a Conceptual Framework”, a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol.19, P85–95. [23]. Kirmani, S. (1988) “The Construction Industry in Development”; Issues and Options, World Bank Discussion Paper published by the World Bank, Washington, DC. [24]. Man, T. (2001). “Entrepreneurial Competencies and the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Hong Kong Services Sector”, an unpublished PhD. Thesis, submitted to the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. [25]. Mbugua, L.M, Harris P, Holt, G.D and Olomolaiye, P.O. (1999), “A Framework for Determining Critical Success Factors Influencing Construction Business Performance,” a paper published in the proceedings of the 15th Annual conference of ARCOM. [26]. N.B.S, (2015), “Nigerian Construction Sector; Summary Report; 2010-2012”, published by the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics. [27]. N.C.C. (2005), “Construction Industry Policy” Published by the National Construction Council of Tanzania. [28]. Ofori, G. (1999), “Construction Contractor Development”; New Directions, a paper Published in the Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the CIB Task Group 29, titled, Construction in Developing Countries, held at Kampala, Uganda in June 25-26. [29]. Ofori G. (1991) “Programmes for Improving the Performance of Contracting Firms in Developing Countries; A Review of Approaches and Appropriate Options” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol.11 P.175-183. [30]. Ofori G. (1993) “Research on Construction Industry Development at the Cross roads” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol.12, PP.219-223. [31]. Ofori G. (2015), “Nature of the Construction Industry, Its Needs and Its Development; A Review of Four Decades of Research” a paper published in the Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, Vol.2 (2) PP.115-135. [32]. Ofori G. and Lean C.S. (2001) “Factors Influencing Development of Construction Enterprises in Singapore” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics in 2001, Vol. (19) PP. 145-154. [33]. Ofori, G. (2001), “Challenges Facing Construction Industries in Southern Africa”; Developing the Construction Industries of Southern Africa, a paper published in the proceeding of Regional Conference, held between the 23rd and 24th of April 2001, in the office of National Department of Public Works, Pretoria South Africa. [34]. Ofori, G. (1998), “Sustainable construction: Principles and a framework for attainment – comment” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 16, PP.141-145. [35]. Ogunlana S.O, Heng L. and Suklena F.A, (2003), “System Dynamic Approach to Exploring Performance Enhancement in a Construction Organization” a paper published in the journal of Construction Engineering and Management, @ ASCE, PP.528-536. [36]. Olayeni P.F.T and Omuh I.O. (2010), “Strategies for Improving Indigenous Contractors Participation in R&D in Nigeria” a paper published in the web sites https// www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng in 2010. [37]. Osotimehin, K.O., Jegede, C. A., Akinlabi, B. H and Olajide, O.T. (2012), “An Evaluation of the Challenges and Prospects of Micro and Small Scale Enterprises Development in Nigeria” a paper published in the American International Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 2 ( 4), P. 174 . [38]. Özlem Ö.Z (2001), “Sources of Competitive Advantage of Turkish Construction Companies in International Markets” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 19, PP.135–144. [39]. Larcher P. (1999), “A Model for Contractor Support Agency”, Mart working paper no.14 Published in the journal of Institute of Development Engineering, Southborough University, Leicestershire, and LE113TU ISSBN190009320. [40]. Ling, F. Y. Y., and Kwok, D. H. Y. (2007) “Enablers for Singapore Contractors to Internationalize Construction Services” a paper published in the journal of Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 25(3), P.267–275. [41]. Peter A.Ahadzie, Divine K. and Dansoh, A. (2011), “The Factors Affecting Construction Performance in Ghana”, the Perspective of Small-Scale Building Contractors, a paper published in journal of Ghana Institute of Surveyors. [42]. Raghavan V.S and Kumar V.K (2015), “Problems faced by Small Scale Construction Contractors in India” a paper published in the International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 02 (02) P.105. [43]. Thwala W.D and Phaladi M.J, (2009), ‘An Exploratory Study of Problems facing Small Contractors in the North West Province of South Africa” a paper published by the African journal of Business Management Vol.3 (10), PP.533-539. [44]. Shifidi I. (2012), “Small Builders in the Namibian Construction Sector; Opportunities, Challenges and Support Strategies” a paper published in the journal of Economic Research of Southern Africa, https;//econrsa.org/system/file/ workshop/papers. [45]. W.E.F. (2016), “Shaping the Future of Construction; A Breakthrough in Mind-set and Technology a documents’ published by the World Economic Forum in the web site http/s www.weforum.org. [46]. Yan S. (2015) “A Theoretical Framework of Competitive Advantage for SMEs in China under New Normal Economy” a paper published in the European Scientific Journal, Vol.11, No.34, ISSN, 1857 – 7881.
Ali, I. F., Prof. Awad, S.H. and Dr. Abdulsalam, D. "Framework to Enhance the Performance of Small-Scale Construction Firms through Available Support Programmes in Nigeria" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.71-83 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/71-83.pdf
The prevalence of worm infestation is high in underdeveloped and developing countries because of poor sanitation and lack of health education. Our study was aimed to search out the individual and synergestic result of Ocimum sanctum (Family: Lamiaceae), Coriandrum sativum (Family: Apiaceae), rosid dicot genus pinnata (Family: Fabaceae), Epipremnumn aureum (Family: Araceae) and curcuma longa (Family: Lamiaceae) extract as a result of they need been used historically for the treatment of worm infestation. additional exploring the phytoconstituents gift within the herbs of the polyherbal formulation can aid us within the bioactivity gift. Various concentration of ethanolic extracts of varied herbs and therefore the polyherbal formulation were subjected for assessment of anthelmintic activity in Pheritima posthuma. Time of dysfunction associated time of death was used as an analysis parameter. helminthic change state (10 mg/ml) was used as a customary drug. Phytochemical take a look at discovered the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenoplast compounds and tannins. Concentration dependent anthelmintic result was discovered with the extract. once one hundred mg/ml concentration of ethanolic extracts of the polyherbal formulation was more it showed dysfunction of take a look at worm (earthworm) at eighteen minutes and death at thirty-nine minutes. The polyherbal formulation has shown substantial anthelmintic activity exploitation in vitro model on earthworms which can be attributed to the polyphenols gift within the extract.
- Page(s): 84-86
- Date of Publication: 26 July 2019
- Abirami AVDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India
- Rajamanickam VDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India
- Venakateshan NDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India
- Sivakumar VDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India
References
[1]. Gazi Shaikh International journal of ayurvedic & herbal medicine 2(3) June. (455463) 456 year (2012). [2]. American Family Physician www.aafp.org/afp Volume 87, Number 9 May 1, 2013 [3]. Menter A, Gottlieb A, Feldman SR, et al.Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Section 1. Overview of psoriasis and guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis with biologics. J Am Acad Dermatol,.58(5):826-850.4. Dung NX, Truong PX, Ky PT, Leclercq PA. Constituents of the leaf oil of Curcuma domestica L. from Vietnam. J. Essential oil Res; 1997. p. 677 (2008) [4]. Mathan C Nisha, Sevanan Rajeshkumar. (Survey of crude drugs from Coimbatore city).Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 2010; 1(3): 376-383.5. [5]. Nambiar, V., Seshadri, S.: Retention of total and beta carotene from fresh radish leaves in steamed, sautéed and baked products of Western India. J Food Science Techn. 38 (5): 458-461(2001). [6]. Nambiar, V., Bhadalkar, K., Daxini, M.: Drumstick leaves in the ICDS-SFP. Ind J Peadiat.70 (5):11-15 (2003).Richmond R, Pombo-Villar E Chromatogr. A. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled with Pseodo-Sadtler retention indices for the identiÞ cation of components in the Essential Oil of Curcuma longa Chromatogr. A;1997. p. 303. [7]. Colombo AL, Nucci M, Park BJ, Nouér SA, Arthington-Skaggs B, et al. ( Epidemiology of candidemia in Brazil: a nationwide sentinel surveillance of candidemia in eleven medical centers. J Clin Microbiol 44: 2816–2823. doi: 10.1128/jcm.00773-06(2006) [8]. Pfaller M, Neofytos D, Diekema D, Azie N, Meier-Kriesche H, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of candidemia in 3648 patients: data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy (PATH Alliance) registry, 2004–2008. Diag Microbiol Infect Dis 74: 323–331. (2012) [9]. Messer SA, Moet GJ, Kirby JT, Jones RN Activity of contemporary antifungal agents, including the novel echinocandin Anidulafungin, tested against Candida spp.,Cryptococcus spp., and Aspergillus spp.: Report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2006 to 2007). Clin Microbiol J 47: 1942–1946. doi: 10.1128/jcm.02434-08 (2009) [10]. Garg SN, Bansal RP, Gupta MM, Kumar S. Variation in the Rhizome Essential Oil and Curcumin contants and oil quality in the land races of turmeric,Curcuma longa of North Indian Plains. Flavour Fragr. J; 1999. p.315-8. [11]. Martins AP, Salgueiro L, Gonçalves MJ, da Cunha AP, Vila R, Cañigueral S,Mazzoni V, Tomi F, Casanova J. Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of three Zingiberaceae from S.Tomé e Príncipe. Planta Med 2001;67:580-4. [12]. Behura S, Srivastava VK. Essential Oils of Leaves of Curcuma Species;2004. p. 109-10. [13]. Balcerek M, Matławska I. Preventive role of curcumin in lung cancer. Przegl Lek 2005;62:1180-1. [14]. Farid et al. Effect of Ocimum basilicum on glucose and lipids metabolism. 2009 187-199. [15]. Gupta S K, Prakash J, Srivastava S V. Validation of claim of Tulsi, Ocimum sanctum Linn as a medicinal plant. Indian J Experimental Biology 2002, 40(7):765–773( 2002) [16]. Hannan J M A, , Marenah L, Ali L, Rokeya B, Flatt P R and Abdel-Wahab YHA Ocimum sanctum leaf extracts stimulate insulin secretion from perfused pancreas, isolated islets and clonal pancreatic b cells. Journal of Endocrinology 2006, 189: 127–136 [17]. Joglekar GV, Chaudhary NY & Aiman R. Effect of indigenous plant extracts on glucose-absorption in mice. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 1959, 3: 76 [18]. Jyoti S, Satendra S, Sushma S, Anjana T, Shashi S. Antistressor activity of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) Against experimentally induced oxidative stress in Rabbits. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2007, 29(6):411-6. [19]. Karthikeyan, P. Gunasekaran, N. Ramamurthy and S. Govindasamy Anticancer Activity of Ocimum Sanctum. Summary Pharmaceutical Biology 1999, Vol.37, No. 4, Pages 285-290 . [20]. Kath R K & Gupta R K. Antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum in animal models of peptic ulcer. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2006, 50 (4): 391–396. [21]. Anonymous, The Wealth of India; Raw Material, CSIR; New Delhi; 1950.p. 402. [22]. Nigam MC, Ahmed A. Curcuma longa: Terpeniod composition of its Essential Oils. Indian Perfumer; 1991. p. 355. [23]. Zachariah TJ, Baby KN. Effect of Storage of fresh turmeric Rhizome on Oleoresin and Curcumin contents. J. Spice Arom. Crops; 1992. p. 55-58. [24]. Shah NC. Traditional use of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) in India J Med Arom Plant Sci; 1997. p. 948-95. [25]. Masuda T, Isobe J, Jitoe A, Nakatani N. Antioxidative Curcumions from Rhizomes of Curcuma Xantorrhiza. Phytochemistry; 1992. p. 3645-47. . Singh S, Kher A Biological effects of curcumin and its role in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2006;6:259-70. [26]. Ammon HP, Wahl MA. Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta Med 1991;57:1-7. [27]. Kumar V. The Pharma Review Clinical Trials in India: Balancing Economic Opportunity with the Public Health Context. Kongposh Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. [28]. Jennings W, Shibamoto T. Qualitative Analysis of Flavour and Fragrance volatiles by Glass Capillary Column Gas Chromatography. Academic Press:New York.1980. [29]. Swinggarm AA, Silverstein RM. Monoterpines, Aldrich Chemicals Co. Inc.: Milwaukee, WI, 1987. [30]. Adams RP. IdentiÞ cation of Essential Oils by Ion Trap Mass Spectroscopy. Academic Press: San Diego CA, 1989. [31]. Dwivedi S., Dwivedi A., Kapadia R. and Kaul S.. Anthelmintic activity of alcoholic and queous extract of fruits of Terminalia chebulaRetz., Ethno. Leaflets,12:741-743. (2008) [32]. Kailashraj R. and Kurup A., Ind. J. Phar., 1962, 74. [33]. Rios, J.L., M.C., Recio and A., Villar, "Screening methods for natural products with antimicrobial activity: Journal of Ethnopharmacol 1988; 23, p. 127-149
Abirami AV, Rajamanickam V, Venakateshan N, Sivakumar V "Evaluation of Synergistic Anthelmintic Activity of Polyherbal Formulation on Pheritima Posthuma" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.84-86 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/84-86.pdf
Microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) which incorporates core functions of a computer’s central processing unit (CPU). It is a programmable multipurpose silicon chip, clock driven, register based, accepts binary data as input and provides output after processing it as per the instructions stored in the memory.
- Page(s):87-91
- Date of Publication: 28 July 2019
- Khin Thet Mar Faculty of Computer System and Technology, University of Computer Studies (Lashio), Myanmar
- Khaing Khaing WaiDepartment of Information Technology Support and Maintenance, University of Computer Studies, Mandalay, Myanmar
- Thuzar KhinFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology (MIIT), Mandalay, Myanmar
References
[1]. Microprocessor architecture programming and applications with the 8085 [2]. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/bus-organization-of-8085-microprocessor/ [3]. http://www.codebind.com/microprocessor/pin-diagram-pin-description-8085-microprocessor/ [4]. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/interrupts-8085-microprocessor/ [5]. https://newhorizonindia.edu/nhc_kasturinagar/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Unit-2-Microprocessor.pdf [6]. https://archive.codeplex.com/?p=8085simulator
Khin Thet Mar, Khaing Khaing Wai, Thuzar Khin "Basics Learning for Microprocessor 8085" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.87-91 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/87-91.pdf
The inability of various efforts of government to curb the energy crisis being experienced in the country can be attributed to inadequate planning for the various power stations. This paper, therefore seeks to develop a model to enable the successful forecast of available water for power generation, in Shiroro hydropower station in Niger state, Nigeria. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average was applied to a ten year hydrological time series record. The monthly daily average of headwater elevation necessary for power production, was computed across the years, for this station. 100 and 20 of these observations were used in training and testing respectively, in this analysis. The result showed the Mean Percentage Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Root Mean Square Error of 14.20%, 134.43% and 0.38 respectively. The R2 and Rof 0.99 and 1.00 respectively, were also obtained. The model developed will enable energy planners in the assessment of the energy capabilities of the hydropower station, based on available water, as well as for proper planning.
- Page(s): 92-97
- Date of Publication: 29 July 2019
- Ezeanyim Okechukwu C.Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Amiolemhen Patrick E.Department of Production Engineering, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria.
- Okpala Charles C.Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
References
[1]. Ezeanyim, O., Okpala, C., and Agu, P. (2018), “Power Generation Performance Analysis of a Hydropower Station in Nigeria” International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science, Vol. VII, iss. VIII [2]. Ramani, V. and Rom, M.(2007), “Fuzzy Logic Model on Operation and Control of Hydro-power Dams in Malaysia” ICCES VOL. 4 [3]. Kishor, N, Saini, R. and Singh S.(2007), “A Review on Hydro-power Plant Models and Control” [Online]. Science Direct Renewable and SustainableEnergyReviews 11 (2007), Accessed on 10 September, 2018 fromwww.elsevier.com/locate/rser [4]. Abbas, M., Saleem, K., and Ali, N. (2011), “Fuzzy Logic Based Hydro-electric Power Dam Control System” International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 2, Issue 6 [5]. Masden, H., Richaud,, B., Pedersen C., and Borden, D.(2009), “A Real-time Flow Forecasting and Reservoir Optimization System for Optimizing Hydropower Production” Waterpower XVI [6]. Vieira, F., and Ramos, H. 2009, “Optimization of operational planning for wind/hydro hybrid water supply systems” www.elsevier.com/locate/renene Renewable Energy 34 928–936 [7]. Charles, N., Kelly, E. and Richard, M.(2015), “Hypothesis for Hydrologic Alteration” Elsevier journal of Hydrology. 5:30 [8]. Brett, M., Laurel,S., Anderson, A., Paul, W., Mary, A., and Darell, F.(2004), “Effects of Climate and Dam Operations on Reservoir Thermal Structure” Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. Vol. 130, No:2 [9]. Carles, P. 2015, “Impacts on Future Climate on HydropowerResources.” Master's ThesisDepartment of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering. University of Benin, Nigeria [10]. Ungtae, K., Jagath, J. and Vladimir, U. ( 2008), “Climate Change Impacts on Hydrology and Water Resources of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia” International Water Management Institute. 27p (IWMI Research Report 126) [11]. Petras, P., Antanas, D., Algis, K. and Gitana, K.(2011), “Tools for Small Hydropower Plant Resource Planning and Development: A Review of Technology and Applications”. [Online]. Accessed on 10 September 2019, from www.mdpi.com/journal/energies [12]. Ifabiyi, I.(2011b), “Contributions of Reservoir Elements to Monthly Electricity Generation in the Jebba Hydropower Reservoir, Nigeria”. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences,Vol. 4, iss. 3 [13]. Suleman, Y. and Ifabiyi, I.( 2014), “The Role of Rainfall Variability in Reservoir Storage Management at Shiroro Hydropower Dam, Nigeria” An international journal of Science and technology. Vol 3, iss. 2 [14]. Ifabiyi, I.(2011a) “Relationship Between Power Generation and Reservoir Elements in the Jebba Hydro-electric Reservoir, Nigeria”. Global Journal of science Frontier. Vol. 11 iss. 8 [15]. Abdulkadir, T. Salami, A., Anwar, A. and Kareem A.(2013),”Modelling of Hydropower Reservoir Variables for Energy Generation: Neural Network approach”. Ethiopian journal of Environmental studies and management. Vol. 6 no. 3 [16]. Hipel, K. and McLeod, A. (1994), “Time SeriesModelling of Water Resources and EnvironmentalSystems”, Amsterdam, Elsevier 1994.A [17]. Adhikari, R .and Agrawal, R. (2013), “An IntroductoryStudy on Time SeriesModeling and Forecasting”, Lambert Academic Publishing
Ezeanyim Okechukwu C., Amiolemhen Patrick E., and Okpala Charles C. "The Application of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Approach to Modelling Hydrological Data for Power Planning in Nigeria" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.92-97 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/92-97.pdf
Several surface inland water bodies and groundwater are now being polluted by toxic heavy metals as a result of polluted soils in the environment. Surface water bodies become polluted as a result of runoffs from polluted soils and groundwater polluted as a result of leaching from polluted soils. This is now a major concern especially in the fisheries and aquaculture sector which mainly depends on surface and groundwater for productions because these metals cause water pollution and poses various forms of adverse effects on aquatic organisms; they accumulate in their tissues thereby contaminating the food chain when consumed by higher animals. Keeping in view the gravity of such environmental problem, a pot experiment was undertaken to study and quantify the potentials of metal accumulation and the distribution pattern in castor and cotton which are non-edible, commercial and industrial plants grown on heavy metal contaminated soil. Soils were treated separately with two levels of metals: Ni,Cr,Pb and Cd, at 50 and 100 ppm and also a combination of all metals at 50 and 100ppm in a completely randomized design experiment. A set of crops grown on soil with no metal amendment served as the control. Both crop species showed a remarkable difference in accumulation, uptake and distribution of these metals in their different plant parts. In general, the pattern of total metal accumulation in both crops followed the order Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd. The accumulation was also found to increase proportionately as the concentration of metals in soil increased. Combination treatments showed significant reduction in all metal accumulation in both crops when compared with the accumulation under a single metal contamination. Metal uptake was crop specific whereby Ni and Pb uptake was higher in castor while Cr and Cd were higher in cotton. Metal distribution in castor plant parts followed the order Stem>Leaf>Root>Seedshell>Seed; while in cotton it followed the order Bollshell>Stem> Leaf>Root>Seed>fibre. Distribution of almost all the metals was found to be more in vegetative parts compared with reproductive parts for both crops. Within the reproductive parts, pericarp (seed shells and boll shells) recorded maximum distribution as compared to economic parts (seed and fibre). This will help reduced surface water pollution as a result of run-offs from polluted soil and also groundwater pollution due to leaching of these heavy metals making it suitable for aquaculture purposes without contaminating the economic parts of the selected crops. Although both the plant species are hyper-accumulators, castor could be recommended where Ni and Pb are dominant pollutants and Cotton for Cr and Cd contaminated soil.
- Page(s): 98-107
- Date of Publication: 29 July 2019
- R.Y. Ogunshakin National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria CESCRA, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New-Delhi, India
- S.D Singh CESCRA, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New-Delhi, India
- Y. A. Birnin –Yauri National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria
- I.G. Mbagwu National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria
- I.O Enodiana National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria
- A.G Adukwu National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria
References
[1]. Akan, J.C; Mohmoud, S; Yikala, B.S and Ogugbuaja, V.O (2012). Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Fish Samples from River Benue in Vinikilang, Adamawa State, Nigeria. American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 3, 727-736. [2]. Alcántara, E., Barra, R., Benlloch, M., Ginhas, A., Jorrín, J., López, J., Lora, A., Ojeda, M.A., M. Puig, A. Pujadas, R. Requejo, J. Romera, J. Ruso, E.D. Sancho, S. Shilev and M. Tena. (2001). Phytoremediation of a metal contaminated area in Southern Spain. Minerva Biotecnologica. 13: 33-35. [3]. Allinson, D.W. and Dzialo, C. (1981). The influence of lead, cadmium, and nickel on the growth of ryegrass and oats. Plant Soil. 62: 81-89. [4]. Barman, S.C. and Lal, M.M. (1994). Accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb) in soils and cultivated vegetables and weeds grown in industrially polluted fields. J.Environ. Boil. 15: 107-115. [5]. Brooks, R.R. and Robinson, B.H. (1998). The potential use of hyperaccumulators and other plants for phytomining. In: Brooks RR (ed), Plants that hyperaccumulateheavymetals - their role in phytoremediation, microbiology, archaeology, mineral exploration and phytomining, pp 327–356. CAB, Cambridge, UK. [6]. Cheng, S.F. and Huang, C.Y. (2006). Influence of Cadmium on Growth of Root Vegetable and Accumulation of Cadmium in the Edible Root. International Journal of AppliedScience and Engineering.4 (3): 243-252. [7]. Diwan, H., Ahmad, A. and Iqbal, M. (2012). Chromium-induced alterations in photosynthesis and associated attributes in Indian mustard. J Environ Biol.33(2): 239-44. [8]. Henry J. R. (2000): In An Overview of Phytoremediation of Lead and Mercury. – NNEMS Report. Washington, D.C.; pp, 3-9. [9]. Iretskaya, S.N. and Chien, S.H. (1998). Comparison of cadmium uptake by five different food grain crops grown on soils of varying pH.Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 30: 441-448. [10]. Jiang, X.J., Luo, Y.M., Liu, Q., Liu, S.L. and Zhao, Q.G. (2004). Effects of cadmium on nutrient uptake and translocation by Indian mustard. Environ. Geochem. Health. 26: 319-324. [11]. John, D.A. and Leventhal, J.S. (1996). Bioavailability of metals. Preliminary Compilation of Descriptive Geoenvironmental Mineral Deposit Models. (Ed.) Edward A. du Bray. U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/ofr-95-083 [12]. Kabata-Pendias A, Pendias H (2001) Trace elements in soils and plants, 3rd edn. CRC, Boca Raton, FL [13]. Kim, J.Y., Kim, K., Lee, J., Lee, J.S. and Cook, J. (2002). Assessment of As and heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of Duchum Au-Ag mine, Korea. Environ. Geochem.Health. 24:215-227. [14]. Kumar, N., Kumar, S., Bauddh, K., Dwivedi N., Shukla, P., Singh, D.P. and Barman, S.C. (2014). Toxicity Assessment and Accumulation of Metals in Radish Irrigated With Battery Manufacturing Industry Effluent. International Journal of Vegetable Science, DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2014.880771 [15]. Luoma, S. N. (1977). Dynamics of biologically available mercury in a small estuary. Estuarine Coastal Mar. Sci. 5: 643–652 [16]. Nagajyoti, P.C., Lee, K.D. and Sreekanth, T.V.M. (2010). A review: Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants. Environ Chem Lett.8: 199–216. [17]. Ni, W.Z. and Long, X.X. (2002). Studies on the criteria of cadmium pollution in growth media of vegetable crops based on the hygienic limit of cadmium in food. J. Plant [18]. Rangnekar, S.S., Sahu, S.K., Pandit, G.G. and Gaikwad, V.B. (2013). Study of Uptake of Pb and Cd by Three Nutritionally Important Indian Vegetables Grown in Artificially Contaminated Soils of Mumbai, India. International Research Journal ofEnvironment Sciences. 2(9): 53-59. [19]. Sharma, R.K., Agrawal, M., Marshall, F.M. (2008). Heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb) contamination of vegetables in Urban India: a case Study in Varanasi. Environ. Poll. 154: 254–263. Mohamed, A.E., Rashed, M.N. and Mofty, A. (2003). Assessment of essential and toxic elements in some kinds of vegetables. Ecotoxicol. Environ Saf. 55(3):251-60. [20]. Shiyab, S., Chen, J., Han, F.X., Monts, D.L., Matta, F.B., Gu, M. and Su, Y. (2009). Phytotoxicity of mercury in Indian mustard (Brassica junceaL.). Ecotoxicology andEnvironmental Safety. 72: 619– 625. [21]. Singh, D., Chhonkar, P.K. and Pandey R.N. (1999) Soil Plant Water Analysis: A Methods manual, IARI New Delhi. [22]. Singh, S. and Aggarwal, P.K. (2006). Effect of heavy metals on biomass and yield of different crop species. Indian J. Agric. Sciences.76(11): 688-691. [23]. Singh, S. and Kumar, M. (2006). Heavy metal load of soil, water and vegetables in peri - urban Delhi. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 120: 79-91 [24]. Singh, S., Zacharias, M., Kalpana, S. and Mishra, S. (2012).Heavy metals accumulation and distribution pattern in different vegetable crops. Journal of Environmental Chemistryand Ecotoxicology. 4(10): 170-177. [25]. Vamerali, T.; Marianna, B.; Giuliano, M. Field crops for phytoremediation of metal contaminated land A review. Environ.Chem. Lett. 2010, 8 (1), 1−17.
R.Y. Ogunshakin, S.D Singh, Y. A. Birnin –Yauri, I.G. Mbagwu, I.O Enodiana, A.G Adukwu1 "Quantifying Heavy Metal Extraction Potentials of Castor (Ricinuscommunis L.) and Cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum L.) from Soil" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.98-107 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/98-107.pdf
: Urban intensification has emerged as an approach in the strategic planning to solve housing problem in the current urban communities in Egypt. Theoretical studies have shown how far this approach is appropriate in solving housing problem in the current urban societies at the urban, environmental, social, and developmental level. However, the problems of the deactivation of these policies in the executive reality are still existent due to several reasons. The most significant of which are the incomprehensively of housing studies in the strategic planning, besides the lack of connection between housing studies with the social, economic, and service aspects.In addition to lack of a sustainable aspect of urban intensification policies which made urban intensification studies lose their significance and their real effectiveness, and resulted in an inability of implementation from the concerned bodies. Thus this paper aims to reach a sustainable system to activate the policies of urban intensification in the executive reality in Egypt, starting with the theoretical studies of sustainable development and the most important requirements for each dimension of urban intensification, in addition the policies that achieve the requirements of sustainable housing development. And the parties used to produce sustainable urban intensification mechanisms,then formulate the system in its final form. The Paper Methodology: The Theoretical Approach: This approach includes the concepts, the theoretical studies of sustainable development, sustainable housing development and urban intensification, and finally finding out the requirements of continuous housing development and the policies of sustainable urban intensification The Analytical Approach: This approach includes the application of the theoretical studies on the selected successful world experiments. then the formulation of the sustainable system to activate the policies of urban intensification
- Page(s): 108-128
- Date of Publication: 30 July 2019
- Rehab Abd Allah Abd El ZaherAssistant Lecturer, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Fayoum University, Egypt
- Prof. Mohga Emam EmbabyProfessor of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Engineering, Fayoum University, Egypt
- Prof. Ehab Mahmoud OkbaProfessor of Architecture and Environmental Design, Faculty of Engineering, Fayoum University, Egypt
References
[1]. Webster, Merriam, Webster new international dictionary, 2010. [2]. Church, D., Building Sustainable Communities: An Opportunity and a Vision for a Future that Works Ecol, 1998. [3]. Steel.James, sustainable architecture: principles, paradigms, and casestudies, McGraw-Hill. USA, 1997 [4]. Adib, Abdel Salam, Dimensions of Sustainable Development, Annual Meeting of the Moroccan Syndicate of Minesin of the Moroccan Union,Published Article. [5]. Church, D., Building Sustainable Communities: An Opportunity and a Vision for a Future that Works Ecol, 2013 [6]. Dagestani, EssamSaleh, Department of Sustainable Development in the Urban Environment of the City of Baghdad, PhD thesis submitted to the Higher Institute of Urban Planning and University of Baghdad, 20 [7]. Maha Sabah Sulaiman Al-Zubaidi (2015) Environmental Sustainability in the Formation of Residential Communities in Iraq, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Engineering, University of Baghdad. [8]. Al -Homoud, Majed, (2000), "Sustainable Urban Planning of Historical Java", The Second Jordanian Architectural Conference, The Jordanian Committees. [9]. Najran Mohamed Abdel Wahab, The Effect of Schematic Controls in the Formation of Urban Urban Communities, Application of selected projects from Baghdad, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Architectural Department, University of Technology, Baghdad. [10]. Towers, Graham, (2008), "At Home in The City- An Introduction to Urban Housing Design", Elsevier, Architectural Press, London. [11]. Hammill, Patric, "The Community Agenda", Ch.4. in Lewis, Sally, (2005), "Front to Back - A Design Agenda for Urban Housing", Architectural Press, London. [12]. Hammill, Patric, "The Community Agenda", Ch.4. in Lewis, Sally, (2016), "Front to Back - A Design Agenda for Urban Housing", Architectural Press, London. [13]. Housing Development, Dimensions and Elements, by Dr. Sana Satea Abbas - Architectural Department / University of Technology. [14]. HalaGuinat, Construction of Integrated Residential Cities Services, Arab Regional Conference "Initiatives and Development Creativity in the Arab City", Housing Policies and Projects,. Caravid Sustainable Development of Cities, Jordan, 2008, p. 3 [15]. Brown J. Carter etal. "The pritzker architecture prize, sir Norman foster", 1999. [16]. Faris, Ghaith and Saleh Al-Shara, "Protection of Nature and Sustainable Development", Jordan's Third Scientific Week (Land Resources Towards Optimal Use) . - Volume VI - 1995 [17]. Towers, Graham, (2008), "At Home in The City- An Introduction to Urban Housing Design", Elsevier, Architectural Press, London. [18]. Al-Najafi, SalimTawfiq and Ayad Bashir Al-Chalabi, "Environment and Sustainable Development - Contemporary Economic Approaches", Journal of the Development of Rafidain - Volume 25 2003 - No. 72 [19]. Prospects for Sustainable Housing Development in the Arab Countries, International Forum on Housing Crisis in Arab Countries, Reality and Prospects, University of Medea. [20]. Management uses only the blessings of urban and their relationship to the sustainable development of urban roads, the city of Baghdad d case of confidentiality, conciliator M.hdel Mahmoud, University of technological - Department of Architecture, p. 12. [21]. http://www.ahram.org.eg/NewsQ/385945.aspx [22]. Mustafa Hussein Ajami, Legislative Aspects Of architecture and urbanization in Sustainable Development plans, Study of the Effect of Legislation and Laws on Sustainable urban Development from local World Realities Master, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, 2015. [23]. Population-Based Solutions to solve the Housing Problem Through Expansion , D. Kamal Mahmoud Kamal Jiblawi, 138, p. 2016.
Rehab Abd Allah Abd El Zaher, Prof. Mohga Emam Embaby, Prof. Ehab Mahmoud Okba "Towards a Sustainable System to Activate the Policies of Urban Intensification in Egypt" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.108-128 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/108-128.pdf
The climate change has brought about unpredictable weather conditions that have resulted in the global food shortage being experienced. A possible solution to this problem is households growing a reasonable percentage of the vegetables and crops in a greenhouse, which does not require too much land space. In the greenhouse, the microclimatic parameters that determine crop yield are continuously displayed and controlled to ensure that an optimum environment is created. The automated greenhouse control system achieves to control of a greenhouse environment by using sensors and actuators which are under the control of a microcontroller running a program. The system is composed of two stations: display station, and the actuators and sensors station. The controller used in the actuators and sensors station, which ensures that the microclimatic parameters stay within pre-defined values as determined and set by the user in the program.The aim of this research is to create an automatic controlled greenhouse system against the climate of Mawlamyine region (Myanmar) that can monitor and control the temperature, soil moisture levels within the enclosed house.
- Page(s): 129-133
- Date of Publication: 31 July 2019
- Khin Yu Yu HlaingDepartment of Electronic, Technological University (Mawlamyine)
- Thet Naing SoeDepartment of Mechatronic, Technological University (Mawlamyine)
References
[1] M., Elmusrati, R., Virrankoski, and T., Ahonen, 2008. “Greenhouse Monitoring with Wireless Sensor Network”. In International Electrical Electronic Engineering: Proceedings of International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications in Beijing, China, July 12-15, 2008, by IEEE, 403-408.
[2] C., Jichen, W., Xiaofang, W., Xiu1, Z., Jianjun and Z., Wei1, 2010. "Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System Based on ZigBee", In International Conference on Computer Science and Electronics Engineering: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Computer Science and Electronics Engineering in Wuhan, China , June 25-27, 2010, by ICCSEE, 100-105.
[3] V. R., Deore .and V.M., Umale, 2012. “Wireless Monitoring of the Green House System Using Embedded Controllers”, The International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 2, No. 3, February: 2229-5518.
[4] K., Sahu, and, S., Mazumdar, 2012. “Digitally Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling of System based on Embedded System,” The International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 1, No. 3, January: 2229-5518.
[5] K. K., Kolawole, and W.S., Alausa Dele, 2013. “Microcontroller Based Greenhouses Control Device”, The International Journal of Engineering And Science 11, No. 2, February: 129-135.
[6] Alsadig Ismail Altahir, Sahl Ali Abdsllah Ali, and Safa Mohamed Almahi, 2016. “Controlling and Monitoring Greenhouse Using Microcontroller Arduino Mega Based System”, The International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 1, No. 5, October: 725-750.
[7] Greenhouse. 11. Greenhouse History. October 2018 https://en.m.wikipedia .org/wiki/Greenhouse
[8] The Principles of Greenhouse. 7. What Is the Greenhouse Effect? March 2018
Khin Yu Yu Hlaing, Thet Naing Soe "Design and Modeling of Automated Greenhouse Plant Area for Mawlamyine Region (Myanmar) " International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.129-133 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/129-133.pdf
The paper presents a simple design and implementation of a7-segment Display on STM32F446RE microcontroller board. In this paper, STM32CubeMx software is used for the general code generated. STM32cubemx automatically generates code for the IDE we want to work in and in this paper we are going to use Keil ARM MDK v5 IDE. STM32 cubemx is used to initialize the STM32F446RE microcontroller peripherals pins, operating frequency, oscillator selection etc. This software is using for the GPIO Port-A pin assign for the 7-segment display and connect with STM32F446RE microcontroller. The generated code is opened by MDK ARM v5 IDE. In this section, 7-segment display is used as the output devices. Seven-segment displays are electronic display devices used as an easy way to display decimal numerals and an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays. STLINK v2 debugger is used for interfacing with microcontroller board and the pc.
- Page(s): 134-138
- Date of Publication: 31 July 2019
- Kyi Kyi KhaingFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar
- Tin Tin NwetFaculty of Computer System and Technology, Computer University, Taungoo, Myanmar
- Thiri NaingInformation Technology Support and maintainance Department, University of Information Technology, Yangon, Myanmar
References
[1]. ARM Limited. Cortex-M3 technical reference manual, 2006 [2]. https://www.microcontroller-project.com/stm32-microcontroller-7-segment-interface.html. [3]. https://www.st.com/content/ccc/resource/technical/document/ data_brief [4]. www.st.com/ stm32f446re/nucleo-usermanual.pdf [5]. “Fundamentals of Seven Segment Displays.” Electronic Project Design. Web. 19 Nov. 2010. http://www.electronics-project-design.com/sevensegmentdisplays.html [6]. https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32-configurators-and-code-generators.html
Kyi Kyi Khaing, Tin Tin Nwet, Thiri Naing "Implementation of a 7- segment Displays with STM32F446RE Microcontroller" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.134-138 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/134-138.pdf
This paper analyzes the economic impact of Kishan Credit Card (KCC) in the tribal area of Gujarat especially in the southern district of Dang and Navsari. The socio economic conditions of the sample respondents, primary data relating to family characteristic features, type of land holding, cropping pattern and productivity were collected and analyzed. An attempt was made to study the cost of credit and adequacy of credit under KCC scheme as compared to non KCC scheme. The factors influencing the adoption of KCC scheme and constraints perceived by the farmers have been identified. Some measures have also been suggested to attract more farmers towards the scheme.
- Page(s): 139-150
- Date of Publication: 31 July 2019
- Dr. Arvind ArahantAssistant Professor, Dept. of Agril. Economics, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai (The Dangs), Gujarat-394730 (India)
- Dr. Vishal ThoratAssistant Professor, Dept. of Agril. Economics, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai (The Dangs), Gujarat-394730 (India)
- Prof. Kuldeep ChoudharyAssistant Professor, Office of the Registrar, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450 (India)
References
[1]. RBI Circular Dated 13.10.2016/FIDD.FSD.BC.No. 8/05.05.010/2016-17. [2]. Loganthan, 2008, Kisan Credit Card-A boon for small farmers, Indian Co-op. Rev., 45(4) : 300-304. [3]. Ramesh Kumar S, Alexpandi M. Farmers' attitude towards Kisan credit card (KCC) scheme” International Journal of Current Research. 2017; 9(06):52244-52249. [4]. BIRD (Bankers Institute of Rural Development) (2000) Support from the Banking System: A Case Study of Kisan Credit Cards, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. [5]. Jainuddin, S.M., G.M. Hiremath, Suresh S. Patil (2015), “Efficiency of Kisan Credit Card Scheme in Karnataka: A Comparative Study of Commercial and Co-operative Banks”, Agricultural Economics Research Review, Vol. 28(2), pp. 351-357. [6]. Agarval, K. and Ahirwar, J. (2014). Study on utilization pattern of Kisan Credit Card among the farmers in Ashok nagar district of Madhya Pradesh, Indian Streams Res. J., 4(5):1-4. [7]. Alawa, Pawan (2014). A study on knowledge and attitude of beneficiaries‟ farmers about ATMA Programme in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis Submitted to Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior.
Dr. Arvind Arahant, Dr. Vishal Thorat, Prof. Kuldeep Choudhary "An Economic Impact of Kishan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme in Tribal Area of Gujarat (India)" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.139-150 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/139-150.pdf
Data mining is an emerging area to discover knowledge from a tremendously large database or data warehouse. Association rule mining is one of the important roles in data mining which produces the rules for the associated itemsets in transactional database and examines user behavior. An interesting method to frequent closed itemset mining without generating candidate itemset called CLOSET is used. The CLOSET algorithm was designed to extract frequent closed itemsets from large databases. CLOSET is an FP-tree-based database projection method for efficient mining of frequent closed itemsets. The system explores the partition-based projection mechanism for scalable mining. It develops a single prefix path compression technique to identify frequent closed sets for books quickly. In this system, the database of book transactions borrowed by borrowers is considered as the applied data and the system is focused on generating the frequent closed book-sets and association rules. The system presents that borrowers are interested which books and authors. The system also presents the interestingness and correlation of books and authors. The system generates strong association rules when the minimum support count and confidence are high.
- Page(s): 151-156
- Date of Publication: 07 August 2019
- Seint Wint ThuUniversity of Computer Studies (Meiktila), Faculty of Information Science
- Hlaing Phyu Phyu MonUniversity of Computer Studies (Meiktila), Faculty of Information Science
- Pa Pa WinUniversity of Computer Studies (Meiktila), Faculty of Information Science
- War War MyintUniversity of Computer Studies (Meiktila), Faculty of Information Science
References
[1]. Charu C. Aggarwal, Jiawei Han Editors, “Frequent Pattern Mining”. [2]. C.I. Ezeife and Dan Zhang, “TidFP: Mining Frequent Patterns in Different Databases with Transaction ID”, School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4 zhang3d@uwindsor.ca, http://www.cs.uwindsor.ca/~cezeife. [3]. David Hand, HeikkiMannila and Padhraic Smyth, “Principles of Data Mining” ISBN: 026208290xThe MIT Press © 2001 (546 pages)A comprehensive, highly technical look at the math and science behindextracting useful information from large databases. [4]. DungarwalJayesh M and NeeruYadav, “A Review paper for mining Frequent Closed Itemsets”, S.V.C.S.E. Alwar Rajasthan –India and Prof S.V.C.S.E Alwar Rajasthan – India. [5]. JagdishPanjwani and Mrs. ChitritaChaudhuri, “Application of FP Tree Growth Algorithm in Text Mining”, Project Report Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements for the Degree Of Master of Computer Application, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India. [6]. Jian Pen, Jiawei Han, and Runying Mao, “An efficient Algorithm for mining Frequent Closed Itemsets”,Intelligent Database Systems Research Lab, School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., CanadaV5A1S6, {peijian , han, rmao}@cs.sfu.ca. [7]. Jiawei Han and MichelineKamber, “Frequent Item set Mining Methods, Data Mining– Concepts and Techniques”, Chapter 5.2, Julianna KatalinSipos. [8]. Jiawei Han hanj@cs.uiuc.edu, “Mining Frequent Patterns without Candidate Generation: A Frequent-Pattern Tree Approach”, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. [9]. KyaeHmon, “Applying Associative Rule Mining And Correlation Analysis On Software CD Selection Data”, Computer University (Monywa), Myanmar, mirror315@gmail.com. [10]. Lai Lai Win, KhinMyatMyat Moe, Computer University (Magway), “Mining Association Rules by using Vertical Data Format”, lailaiwin.myn@gmail.com. [11]. Mihir R Patel ,DipakDabhi, “An Extensive Survey on Association Rule Mining Algorithms”, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, CGPIT, Bardoli, India. [12]. Springer, “Principle of Data Mining, Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science”. [13]. V. PurushothamaRaju and G.P. SaradhiVarma, “Mining closed sequential pattern in large database”, Department of Information Technology S.R.K.R. Engineering College, Bhimavaram, A.P., India.
Seint Wint Thu, Hlaing Phyu Phyu Mon, Pa Pa Win, War War Myint "Applied Closet Algorithm for Public Library Book Borrowing Analysis" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.151-156 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/151-156.pdf
A building is a man-made entity that requires regular maintenance for it to serve its purpose of providing shelter and comfort for its occupiers. Maintenance seeks to retain, restore and replace any constitute of building that is affected by adverse weather elements, continuous usage and poor handling. Lokoja has witnessed the development of several housing estates since it was made the capital city in 1991. However, many of these are in a state of disrepair, altering the city’s picturesque and making the investment of several millions of naira a waste. The paper examined the objectives and benefits of building maintenance using Phase I housing estate, Lokongoma as a case study. Besides reviewing of relevant literature and fifty (50) questionnaires were administered to the estate occupiers in course of the study. The data generated were analyzed using tables and charts and recommendations made based on the study’s findings which revealed high level of ignorance of regulations on maintenance, negligence and wrong approach to the practice of maintenance as causes of poor maintenance culture.
- Page(s): 157-163
- Date of Publication: 08 August 2019
- Adegoke Kehinde Vivian Department of Architectural Technology, Kogi State Polythecnic, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
- Olufemi John Eyitayo Department of Architectural Technology, Kogi State Polythecnic, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
- Abdulkarim Abdullahi Nuhu Department of Architectural Technology, Kogi State Polythecnic, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
References
[1]. Aderibigbe, O. (2002). Maintenance Culture in Nigeria: An Intuition into The Nigerian Postal Service. Retrieved from www.academicjournals.org/article/ar [2]. Alfred, S. and Pao-Chi, C. (2010). Building Construction. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica. [3]. Encyclopaedia Britannica (2010). Encyclopaedia Britannica Student and Home Edition. [4]. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica. [5]. Iwarere, H. and Lawal, K. (2011). Performance Measures of Maintenance of Public Facilities in Nigeria. Research Journal of Business Management. Vol.5. no 16-25. [6]. Maureen, A. (2014, April 28).Nigeria’s Maintenance Culture Need Reshaping. The Punch, 15. [7]. Norman,S. (2010). Art Conservative and Restoration. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica. [8]. Obabori, A.O., and Olomu, J.I. (2002). The Decaying City: Architect Where Are Thou? Journal of Nigeria Institute of Architects. Vol.13. No 4. [9]. Okwarajesu, A. (2002). The City Regeneration: An Instrument for Job Creation. Journal of Nigeria Institute of Architects. Vol.13. No 4. [10]. Oladimeji, A.B. (1996). Budgeting, costing and Cost Control in Maintenance Engineering and Engagement, being a paper delivered at a 3-day course organized by the Nigerian Society of Engineers Osogbo Branch at the Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State. 3rd – 5th July 1996. [11]. UNESCO, (2012). Nigeria Project for Revitalization. Retrieved from www.unesco-nigeriatve.org/teaching. [12]. Zubair, E. (2003). Building Maintenance and Services. Journal of Nigeria Institute of Architects. Vol.15. No 2.
Adegoke Kehinde Vivian, Olufemi John Eyitayo, Abdulkarim Abdullahi Nuhu "Promotion of Maintenance Culture in Government Owner Occupier Building for Sustainable Development" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.157-163 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/157-163.pdf
There are many wonderful building styles from all over the world that can inform us with their shapes, materials, arrangements, decorations, concepts for heating and cooling, etc. With the influx of oil revenue and foreigners, Nigerian cities have grown to resemble many western urban centers. Lagos, for examples, is massive, overcrowded city characterized with urban features like traffic jam, movie theaters, departmental stores, restaurants, and supermarkets. Because most Nigerian cities grew out of much older towns, very little urban planning was used as the cities expanded. Streets are laid out in confusing and often mazelike fashion, adding to the chaos for pedestrian and traffic. The influx of people into urban areas has put a strain on many services. Power outages and disruptions of telephone service are not uncommon. Sustainable design requires that design practitioners respond to a particular set of social, cultural and environmental conditions. ‘Vernacular Architecture and Regional Design’ defines a set of strategies for understanding the complexities of a regional setting. Through a series of case studies, it examines how architects and designers have applied a variety of tactics to achieve culturally and environmental appropriate design solutions. Also shows that architecture and design are inextricably linked to social and environmental processes, and are not just technical or aesthetic exercises. It articulates a variety of methods to realize goals of socially responsible and environmental responsive design. This calls for a principled approach to design in an effort to preserve urban environments and forge sustainable best practice. Changes and developments in architecture at any point in time are reflections of the attempt by man to respond to the challenges posed by natural and environmental factors. This attempt is expressed in Technological, economical and socio-cultural attainments, which are reflected in his ability to develop and use the various materials he finds available. He also demonstrates this in the various construction technologies he develops to enable him use the materials that abound in nature. Despite the massive increase in urban populations and modern settlements, a very significant proportion of vernacular and traditional characteristics exists transformed in numerous ways and adapting to ongoing change or urban development. Case studies will be drawn from contemporary building types, (in the light of their influences by traditional and vernacular) supported by structured interviews. It is hoped that the research findings will highlight contemporary buildings that have recaptured elements from indigenous architecture. As such, a break from all that went before will neither be taken for granted, nor that the past has to teach, is assumed.
- Page(s): 164-170
- Date of Publication: 08 August 2019
- Adegoke Kehinde VivianDepartment of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Nigeria
- Idachaba Mamenoma KarenDepartment of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Nigeria
- Akuba ScholasticaDepartment of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Nigeria
- Usman Abdulazeez AdeizaDepartment of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Nigeria
References
[1]. Venturi, R; Brown D. S.; and Izenour S. Learning from Las Vegas: The Forgotten Symbolism of Architectural Form. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1977. [2]. Best S., and Kellner D., The Postmodern turn, Postmodernism in the Arts: Pastiche, Implosion, and the Popular, http://www.gseis.ucla.edu [3]. Modernism och postmodernism, www.idehist.uu.se/distans/ilmh/pm/moore-piazzaditalia.htm [4]. Frampton K., Modern architecture: A critical history, Thames and Hudson ltd, 1992, [5]. Ujari A., The architecture of Geoffrey Bawa, http://www.amar-ujari.com/amar/pdf/introduction.pdf. [6]. Broadbent G., Architects and their Symbols, Built environment, Alexandrine press, Vol 6, [7]. Progressive architecture, Michael Graves, Reinhold Publishing, 1979, pg 76 [8]. Ogunsote B. P., Classification of Nigerian Architecture, http://sdngnet.com [9]. Amole S.A., Arc 633 note, History of the Nigerian Built Environment, 2009 [10]. Ballantyne A., Architecture, A very short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2002, Pg [11]. Thematic theories of Architecture,http://www2.uiah.fi/projects [12]. Herrle P., Wegerhoff E., Architecture and Identity, [13]. The making and unmaking of ‘African architecture’ in an ‘African city’; the experience of Mwanza in Tanzani, African Architecture Today / KNUST Ghana / Daan Van Tassel / conference paper p.1, http://www.mudonline.org [14]. Lejeune J. F., Cruelty and Utopia, Cities and Landscapes of Latin Architecture, [15]. Clewing U., The New Nigeria, www.ugboko.com/Demas_Nwoko.pdf. [16]. Omezi G.,Towards a New Culture; Rethinking the African Modern – The Architecture of Demas Nwoko, London, February 2008 [17]. Pride and place, Observing architecture, http://observingarchitecture.blogspot.com, 2009 [18]. Frampton K., Correa C., Robson D., Modernity and community: Architecture in the Islamic World, Thames & Hudson, 2001, pg 20-4 [19]. Progressive architecture, out on the plains, Reinhold publication, 1972, pg 128 [20]. Agulu C.O., Art world: The NationalTheatre and Erhabor Emokpae's work, http://234next.com, 2010 http://www.fuksas.it/#/progetti/0209
Adegoke Kehinde Vivian, Idachaba Mamenoma Karen, Akuba Scholastica, Usman Abdulazeez Adeiza "The Place of Vernacular Architecture in Urban Housing Development a Case Study of Ile-Timi (Timi’s House) Okerewe Street, Ile-Ife, Osun State" International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science-IJLTEMAS vol.8 issue 7, July 2019, pp.164-170 URL: www.ijltemas.in/DigitalLibrary/Vol.8Issue7/164-170.pdf